too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
lottery; lot; raffle; draw
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
inside; interior; among; within; middle; center; during
cherry tree; cherry blossom; fake buyer; paid audience; hired applauder; horse meat
to fail an exam; to fall (of cherry blossom petals)
Mary (mother of Jesus); the Virgin Mary; Mary (of Magdala); Mary Magdalene
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
Maitreya (Bodhisattva); Miroku
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
rosary; string of prayer beads
festival; feast; harassment by an Internet pitchfork mob; online shaming; galore (as in "goals galore"); frenzy
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
to fall (e.g. blossoms, leaves); to scatter; to be dispersed; to disappear; to dissolve; to spread
(logical) true; regular; 10^40; ten thousand undecillion; original; positive
to weigh on one's mind; to bother one; to be interested (in); to be curious (about); to feel like (doing); to feel inclined to
annual (plant); first-year student
opposite side; bottom; rear; back; lining; inside; in the shadows
illustration; picture; sketch; drawing; figure
echo; reverberation; sound (esp. the distinctive sound of an object or activity, e.g. rain, gun, gallop, drum); noise; quality of a sound (e.g. a fine phrase, clear voice, resonant bell); feeling of a sound
to see; to look; to examine; to look over; to look after; to attend to; to experience
how do you do?; nice to meet you; adieu; farewell; bon voyage
fresh; refreshing; invigorating; clear (e.g. voice); fluent; eloquent
morning; breakfast; (arch.) next morning
greeting; greetings; speech (congratulatory or appreciative); address; reply; response; revenge
to be perfectly clear (water, air, etc.); to clear up
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
echo; reverberation; spirit of a tree; tree spirit
honorific/polite/humble prefix
garden; yard; courtyard; field (of action); area
to meet; to assemble; to congregate
little girl; maiden; young lady; female usually between 7 and 18 years old
pluralizing suffix (esp. for people and animals; formerly honorific)
today; this day; these days; recently; nowadays
like; similar to; (I) think (that); (I) have a feeling (that); feels like; feels similar to
pure; innocent; pure; unmixed; long kimono made from the same plain-coloured cloth
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
gate; branch of learning based on the teachings of a single master; division; phylum; counter for cannons
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to go through; to pass through; to struggle through; to get through (difficulties, danger, etc.); to escape (through the cordon)