too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
lottery; lot; raffle; draw
thorny shrub; wild rose; briar; thorn; cusp
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
final exam; term-end examination; end-of-term examination
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
small-format paperback book; pocket paperback
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
eve (esp. Christmas Eve); the night before
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to meet; to encounter; to see; to have an accident; to have a bad experience
white; innocence; innocent person; blank space; white go stone; white dragon tile; skewered grilled pig intestine
spring; springtime; New Year; prime (of life); height (of one's prosperity); adolescence
yes; that is correct; understood; I see; present; here; pardon?
(flower) bud; promising young person; budding beauty
greenhouse; hothouse; conservatory; glasshouse
love; attachment; lovesickness
(last) flower remaining in bloom
and; and then; thus; and now; and finally
illustration; picture; sketch; drawing; figure
echo; reverberation; sound (esp. the distinctive sound of an object or activity, e.g. rain, gun, gallop, drum); noise; quality of a sound (e.g. a fine phrase, clear voice, resonant bell); feeling of a sound
how do you do?; nice to meet you; adieu; farewell; bon voyage
fresh; refreshing; invigorating; clear (e.g. voice); fluent; eloquent
morning; breakfast; (arch.) next morning
greeting; greetings; speech (congratulatory or appreciative); address; reply; response; revenge
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
to be perfectly clear (water, air, etc.); to clear up
echo; reverberation; spirit of a tree; tree spirit
honorific/polite/humble prefix
garden; yard; courtyard; field (of action); area
to meet; to assemble; to congregate
little girl; maiden; young lady; female usually between 7 and 18 years old
pluralizing suffix (esp. for people and animals; formerly honorific)
today; this day; these days; recently; nowadays
like; similar to; (I) think (that); (I) have a feeling (that); feels like; feels similar to
pure; innocent; pure; unmixed; long kimono made from the same plain-coloured cloth
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then