prefix for forming ordinal numbers
chapter; section; medal; badge; insignia
goodbye; so long; saying goodbye to (e.g. life as a bachelor); putting an end to; farewell (performance, party, etc.); final
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to tell; to inform; to announce; to indicate; to signal; to mark
little girl; maiden; young lady; (arch.) female between 17 and 20 years old (ritsuryo period)
look!; there!; here!; that is
aaah!; oooh!; oh no!; oh boy!
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
body; torso; trunk; build; physique; health
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to sink; to go under; to go down (e.g. sun); to set; to feel depressed; to become subdued
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
almost; roughly; approximately
coincident with; while; simultaneously
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
myself; yourself; I; me; you
in front (of); before (e.g. a building); before; earlier; (the) front; frontal part; forward
to throw down; to throw out; to abandon; to resign; to give freely; to give generously
hand; arm; forepaw; foreleg; handle; hand; worker
to seize; to catch; to obtain; to acquire; to understand; to grasp
direction; way; side (of an argument, etc.); one's part; type; category; field (of study, etc.)
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
expectation; anticipation; prediction; forecast; conjecture
endorsing and questioning the preceding statement; lamenting reflections on the preceding statement
nonexistent; not being (there); unowned; not had; unique; not; impossible
that kind of; that way; that move; that trick; that game
to return (something); to restore; to turn over; to turn upside down; to pay back; to retaliate; to respond (with)
foothold; footing; toehold; stepping stone
to discover; to find (e.g. an error in a book); to locate; to find (e.g. something missing); to be used to seeing; to be familiar with
cliff; precipice; precipice; brink of a dangerous situation
above; up; top; summit; surface; before; previous
to go down and stand; to alight; to get down
good; excellent; sufficient; enough; profitable (deal, business offer, etc.); beneficial
as it is; as one likes; because; condition; state
weakly; helplessly; weak; flimsy; easy to bend
there; that situation; that occasion; the spot (i.e. "on the spot"); immediately; then and there
to collapse (physically or emotionally); to fall down
other side; opposite side; other party
pluralizing suffix (esp. for people and animals; formerly honorific)