indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; indicates a confident conclusion; indicates emotional emphasis; indicates question
demon; devil; -crazed person; -obsessed person; dreaded; terrible
compilation (of a text); editing; volume (of a text); completed literary work
light; illumination; ray; happiness; hope; influence; power
truth; reality; proper; right; genuine; authentic
sunlight filtering through trees
at; in; to; toward; to; for; because of
to surround; to encircle; to besiege; to lay siege to; to play (go, shogi, etc.)
that; the; part (as in "part two"); um ...; er ...
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
to be; to exist; to have; to be located; to be equipped with; to happen; to come about
(many) trees; every tree; all kinds of trees
aroma; fragrance; scent; smell
somewhere; in some respects; in some way
to lurk; to be hidden; to be concealed; to lie dormant; to be latent
breath; breathing; concord; harmony; steam (coming off hot food, tea, etc.); (water) vapor
errand; mission; messenger; bearer; familiar spirit; use
to swing; to sway; to shake; to waver; to feel shaken; to become unstable
what; how many; many; a lot of; several; a few
I wonder; do you think?; I might; some kind; some stage; somehow
one person; being alone; being by oneself; being single; being unmarried; by oneself
to mutter; to murmur; to grumble; to tweet; to post on Twitter
while; during; while; although; all; both
softly; gently; stealthily; secretly; to leave alone; to leave as it is
door; gate; opening; title page
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to push; to thrust; to press (down); to push (e.g. a button); to stamp (e.g. one's name); to affix (a seal); to affix (e.g. gold leaf)
(a) step; one step; level; stage; small degree; small amount
to set foot into; to enter; to step inside; to cross the threshold
moment; instant; just then; right at that moment; for a moment; for an instant
really; very; extremely; (not) anything; (not) at all; (not) a bit
to say; to utter; to name; to call; to go (e.g. "the alarm went ping"); to make a noise
indicates the subject of a sentence; indicates possession; but; however; and; used after an introductory remark or explanation; regardless of ...
to be attached; to be connected with; to remain imprinted; to scar; to bear (fruit, interest, etc.); to be acquired (of a habit, ability, etc.); to increase (of strength, etc.)
wonderful; marvelous; strange; strangely enough; oddly enough; for some reason
if; when; and; as well as; with; together with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.)
nonexistent; not being (there); unowned; not had; unique; not; impossible
indicates a question; indicates an embedded question; indicates an indirect question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm
inner part; interior; living quarters (at the back of a house); inner room; recesses (of one's mind); bottom (of one's heart)
to tickle; to tickle (one's curiosity, vanity, etc.); to arouse; to make (someone) laugh; to amuse