to represent; to signify; to reveal; to show; to express; to make widely known
policy; course; plan (of action); magnetic needle
standard; basis; criterion; norm; reference; datum
bribe; sweetener; douceur
use of seductive techniques to attain one's ends (usu. of women)
transfiguration; transformation; change of appearance
to accomplish; to achieve; to carry out; to arrive at (a certain outcome); to come to; to end with
circumstances; conditions; situation; reasons; state of affairs
explanation; commentary; exposition; elucidation
various; all sorts of; variety of; (arch.) various colors (colours)
to go out (e.g. on an excursion or outing); to leave; to depart; to be about to leave; to be just going out
to try; to attempt; to have a go (at something)
to knead; to thicken into a paste (stirring over a flame); to polish (a plan, etc.); to refine; to train; to drill; to gloss (silk)
plan to overcome an obstacle or break out of a deadlock; breakthrough solution
disinformation; false information
manuscript; copy; draft; notes; contribution
last night; yesterday evening
three branch Tokugawa families (Owari, Kii, and Mito); big three; top three
by all means; at any cost; whether (one is) willing or not; willingly or unwillingly; on no account; by no means
to lean (to one side); to incline; to be unbalanced (e.g. diet); to be unduly weighted towards; to be partial; to be biased
to descend (e.g. a mountain); to go down; to alight (e.g. from bus); to get off; to step down; to retire; to be granted
biting; gnawing; in constant pain; irritated
noisily (crowd of people talking); clamorously; in a hubbub; jabberingly; chatteringly; buzzingly
noisy; boisterous; turbulent (era, etc.); troubled
force; vigor; influence; authority; impetus; momentum
expression; look; countenance; face
unique flavor (flavour); (degree of) flavouring; distinctive quality; special charm
to get tired; to tire; to become worn out (of a well-used object); (arch.) to starve
unsteadily (e.g. on one's feet); shakily; wavering (in one's mind); unsteadily; aimlessly; unconsciously
to approach; to draw near
old person; elderly person; trustee of the Japan Sumo Association; retired high-ranking wrestler who is licensed to coach and receives retirement pay; senior statesman (of the Tokugawa shogunate); important local official (under the Tokugawa Shogunate)
action; movements; motions; bearing; behaviour; behavior
at once; immediately; without delay; promptly
tearing; ripping; crunching; munching; stiff; starchy; (working) hard
brow; glabella; middle forehead; area between the eyebrows
to wrinkle up (one's eyebrows, one's nose); to furrow; to crimple
to apologize; to apologise