shame; embarrassment; disgrace
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
many; numerous; large amount of; large quantity of; frequent; common
life; lifetime; career; for life; all one's life; throughout one's life
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to send (a thing); to dispatch; to take or escort (a person somewhere); to see off (a person); to bid farewell (to the departed); to bury; to spend (time)
to come (spatially or temporally); to approach; to come back; to do ... and come back; to come to be; to become
suddenly; casually; accidentally; incidentally; unexpectedly; unintentionally
that; the; part (as in "part two"); um ...; er ...
tiny amount of money; a penny; one letter; one character; one mon (unit of currency)
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to take notice (of); to pay attention (to)
the year end; end of the year; last days of the year
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
major cleanup; spring cleaning
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
(in) the middle of; (in) the midst of; (in) the course of; (at) the height of
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
collection of books; (personal) library
sorting; arrangement; liquidation; settlement; retrenchment; curtailment
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
unintentionally; unconsciously; by mistake; heedlessly; against one's better judgement (judgment)
indeed; really; truly; very much
to put out one's hand; to extend one's arm; to reach (for); to try one's hand at (something new)
to finish; to stop; to close (a business, etc.); to close down; to put away; to put back
many; a lot; much; multitude
to be; to exist; to have; to be located; to be equipped with; to happen
inside; interior; among; within; middle; center; during
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
expressly; especially; taking the trouble (to do); intentionally; deliberately
this; last (couple of years, etc.); these; you (as in "you liar")
book; volume; this; present; main; head
to hold (in one's hand); to take (into one's hand); to own; to obtain
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
only; merely; but; no more than
four characters; four letters
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
strange; odd; peculiar; queer; curious
the more ... the more ...; as; (arch.) while; (arch.) during; (arch.) because; (arch.) since
myself; yourself; I; me; you
link; directory entry; rink
in order to (e.g. meet goal); so that; take care (so as); hoping or wishing for something
to think; to consider; to think (of doing); to plan (to do); to judge; to assess; to imagine
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
seems; I think; I guess; don't you agree?; I thought you'd say that!
No Longer Human (1948 novel by Osamu Dazai)
to read; to recite (e.g. a sutra); to chant; to predict; to guess; to decipher; to count