prefix for forming ordinal numbers
chapter; section; medal; badge; insignia
time; hour; occasion; case; chance; opportunity
to drill; to bore; to hit the mark; to get to the heart of (the matter); (arch.) to put on; (arch.) to wear
flame; blaze; flames (of intense emotion, e.g. love, jealousy, anger); passion
senior high school; high school
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
now; the present time; just now; another; more
shadow; silhouette; reflection; image; ominous sign; light (stars, moon)
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to cover; to hide; to conceal; to wrap; to disguise
what; how many; many; a lot of; several; a few
simile; metaphor; allegory; parable
it is not (like that) either
time; (the) hour; favourable time; opportunity; chance
one; 1; best; first; foremost; beginning; start
to incline toward; to slant; to lurch; to go down (sun); to wane; to sink
to start; to begin; to start up (a business, society, etc.); to open (e.g. a store); to start ...; to begin to ...
indicates word or phrase being defined; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); with; (not) as much as; (not) so much as; the fact that
to say; to utter; to name; to call; to go (e.g. "the alarm went ping"); to make a noise
still; as yet; (not) yet; more; (more) still; at least
sky; the air; weather; far-off place; distant place; state of mind; feeling
to shine; to glitter; to sparkle
to add; to add up; to increase; to gather (e.g. speed); to include; to count in
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
above ground; on the ground; earth's surface; this world; this earth
while; during (the time when)
light; illumination; ray; happiness; hope; influence
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to separate (by distance, time, etc.); to isolate; to interpose; to have between; to alienate; to estrange
to see; to look; to examine; to look over; to look after; to attend to; to experience
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
to be able (in a position) to do; to be up to the task; to be ready; to be completed; to be made; to be built; to be good at
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
even though; despite; when
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
to be (of animate objects); to exist; to stay; to be ...-ing; to have been ...-ing
that; the; part (as in "part two"); um ...; er ...
place; location; room; space; basho; wrestling tournament
quite; entirely; completely; as if; as though; just like