original text; source book; draft
one; 1; best; first; foremost; beginning; start
going; travelling; act; action; bank; counter for banks; counter for groups or parties of people
party; group; troop; one act; one action; one deed
letter (of alphabet); character; writing
multicolumn layout; column setting
step; stair; grade; rank; counter for breaks in written language (or speech, etc.); dan
black magic; sorcery; magic tricks; juggling
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
banning of books; banned book
catalogue; catalog; inventory; certificate indicating an impending gift
there (place relatively near listener); there (place just mentioned); that place; then (of some incident just spoken of); that (of point just raised); (arch.) you
girl; daughter; baby girl; young woman
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
to be caught; to be arrested; to hold on to; to grasp; to find (e.g. proof); to get (e.g. a taxi)
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
extra-sensory perception; ESP; psi; psychokinesis; PK
general; universal; ordinary; average; (arch.) the same; (arch.) no different
as (i.e. in the role of); for (i.e. from the viewpoint of); apart from... (used to change the topic); even (e.g. "not even a single person"); thinking that...; trying to...
acknowledgement; acknowledgment; recognition; cognition
university town; college town
that; the; part (as in "part two"); um ...; er ...
mountain stream; valley; dale; wetlands; swamp; marsh
cram school; private tutoring school; juku
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
one person; being alone; being by oneself; being single; being unmarried; by oneself
miko; shrine maiden; young girl or woman (trad. an unmarried virgin) who assists priests at shrines; medium; sorceress; shamaness
and; and then; thus; and now; and finally
possibly; apparently; (seem) likely; somehow or other; with difficulty; barely
ringleader; mastermind; leader (of a plot)
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
side (of something, or taking someone's side); part; (watch) case
in that way; thus; so; so?
explanation; exposition; description; account; caption; legend
obedient; meek; docile; honest; frank; upfront (about one's feelings)
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
yes; yeah; hum; hmmm; oof
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)