indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
already; now; no longer; not any more
hero; heroine; Eroica Symphony (Beethoven, 1804); Heroic Polonaise (Chopin)
to become; to get; to result in; to turn out; to consist of; to be composed of; to be completed
war; battle; campaign; (arch.) troops; (arch.) forces
plain; field; hidden (structural) member; wild; lacking a political post
recollection; reminiscence
battlefield; battleground
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
Okinawan dragon boat race
place; spot; address; district; area; one's house; point
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
person; someone; human beings; mankind; human (Homo sapiens); (other) people; others
to say; to utter; to name; to call; to go (e.g. "the alarm went ping"); to make a noise
large; big; great; prominent; -sized; as big as; university
mountain; hill; mine (e.g. coal mine); heap; pile; crown (of a hat); thread (of a screw)
that; it; then; that point (in time); (arch.) there; (arch.) you
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to play a leading role; to play a central part
mountain range; mountain belt
group; bunch; crowd; group
to soar high (building, etc.)
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
elevation; height above sea level
like; similar to; as with; in the same way
precipitous cliff; sheer precipice; critical situation
to extend; to stretch out; to attend; to participate in; to enrol; to enroll
with; by; because of; on account of; on (a day, date); at (a time); adds emphasis to preceding word
continent; continental Asia (esp. mainland China); continental Europe
southern part; the south (of a region)
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
on the road; on the street; in the street; on the way
stronghold; fortress; strategic position; key position
notches; serration; indentation; notched; serrated; jagged
sky; the air; weather; far-off place; distant place; state of mind; feeling
blue; azure; green; green light (traffic); black (horse coat color); blue 5-point card; immature
to cut off; to excise; to tear off; to cut out; to whittle down; to tear out