lesson; class work; teaching; instruction
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
bell (often a large hanging bell); chime
putting online (services, administrative functions, etc.); going online; digitalization; digitization
by means of; due to; because of; according to
(teacher's) platform; podium; dais
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
pupil; student; schoolchild
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to stand watch; to stand guard; to look out; to open (one's eyes) wide
eye; eyeball; eyesight; sight; look; stare; notice
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
to be lost (e.g. luggage); to be missing; to be used up; to be run out; to disappear (e.g. pain); to be lost (e.g. a dream, confidence)
now; the present time; just now; another; more
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
after school (at the end of the day)
sense of liberation; feeling of freedom
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
to change; to be transformed; to move to; to be different; to be uncommon
today; this day; these days; recently; nowadays
especially; above all; inter alia; among others
to be noisy (e.g. from people talking); to be discomposed (e.g. feelings)
that; it; then; that point (in time); (arch.) there; (arch.) you
a matter of course; what is to be expected; par for the course
seems; I think; I guess; don't you agree?; I thought you'd say that!
Common Era; CE; Christian Era; Western (Gregorian) calendar
ozeki ranked wrestler unable to live up to the expectations of his rank
year; counter for years (e.g. of an era), grades (e.g. school); period of an apprentice's contract (usu. ten years)
December; twelfth month of the lunar calendar
twenty-fifth day of the month; twenty-five days
fiscal year (usu. April 1 to March 31 in Japan); financial year; academic year; school year; product year
end; conclusion; last; final; no sooner than; once
day; days; sun; sunshine; (the) day; daytime; date
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
always; all the time; never; usual; regular
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
to differ (from); to vary; to not be in the usual condition; to not match the correct (answer, etc.); to be different from promised; isn't it?
in the morning; during the morning
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
to end; to come to an end; to close; to finish
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
ceremony held at the end of a school term; end-of-term ceremony
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for