ninefold; imperial palace; the Court
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
chief priest (of a Buddhist temple)
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to work (for); to be employed (at); to serve (as); to act (as); to conduct a religious service
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
old; former; the old; old things; old times; bygone days
Tokyo Metropolis (prefecture); Tokyo metropolitan area
provincial capital (under the ritsuryo system); provincial office; public place of imperial rule
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
hill; height; knoll; bonus points awarded to the winner at the end of a game
above; up; top; summit; surface; before; previous
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to be; to exist; to have; to be located; to be equipped with; to happen
physical work; manual labour (labor)
volunteer activities; volunteerism
zealous; enthusiastic; ardent; fervent; keen; eager
as (i.e. in the role of); for (i.e. from the viewpoint of); apart from... (used to change the topic); even (e.g. "not even a single person"); thinking that...; trying to...
human being; human; person; character (of a person)
to hear; to listen (e.g. to music); to ask; to enquire; to hear about; to hear of; to follow (advice, order, etc.)
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
training; practice; discipline; ascetic practices
link (e.g. in a chain of events); part (of a plan, campaign, activities, etc.); monocyclic
seeming ...; appearing ...; -ish; like a ...; typical of ...
honorific/polite/humble prefix; honorific suffix
neighbourhood; neighborhood
to be intimate with; to befriend
town; block; street; road; 109.09 m; 0.99 hectares
scenery; scene; landscape; scene (e.g. of a crime)
indispensable; essential; necessary
to melt into; to dissolve into; to merge into; to blend into (surroundings); to fit in; to adapt to
so; therefore; accordingly; like I said; I told you already
extra; more; unnecessary; needless; all the more; even more
old; aged; long; since long ago; of the distant past; long-ago
details; particulars; detailed; specific; close-up view (of a digitally displayed map); zoomed-in view
to see; to look; to examine; to look over; to look after; to attend to; to experience
if; in case; as for; on the topic of; if that's the case; if so
to be surprised; to be astonished
to have been decided (so) that; to have been arranged (so) that; to be the result (of); to be the outcome; to be the reason (for)
seems; I think; I guess; don't you agree?; I thought you'd say that!
although I say; although one might say; although called