volume (of book); reel (of film); scroll (of books or paintings); roll (paper, etc.)
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to receive; to get; to eat; to drink; to be crowned with; to wear (on one's head)
gradually; by degrees; little by little; steps; stairs; staircase
if; when; and; as well as; with; together with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.)
Mr; Mrs; Miss; politeness marker
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
present age; present day; contemporary; modern era; modern times; contemporary era
at; in; to; toward; to; for; because of
to become familiar with; to get used to; to become accustomed to; to come to fit; to go (well) with; to suit
to start; to begin; to start up (a business, society, etc.); to open (e.g. a store); to start ...; to begin to ...
to go; to move (towards); to move through; to travel across; to go (well, badly, etc.); to proceed; to do (in a particular way)
novice; beginner; starting to run; running off; running away
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; indicates a confident conclusion; indicates emotional emphasis; indicates question
creator (of a work); author; writer; artist; composer; playwright
even if ...; even supposing that ...; also as ...; also for ...; also from the position of ...
heartwarming; pleasant; charming; amusing
to watch over; to keep watch over; to keep an eye on; to watch intently; to stare; to gaze
to be (animate); to be; to be ...-ing; to have ...-ed; to be ...-ed; to (have the audacity to) do
within the story (of a book, play, film, etc.)
at; in; at; when; by; with; so
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
Tokyo Metropolis (prefecture); Tokyo metropolitan area
chief; main; principal; important
stage (of a theatre, concert hall, etc.); stage performance; stage production; setting (of a story); scene; sphere (of activity)
as (i.e. in the role of); for (i.e. from the viewpoint of); apart from ... (used to change the topic); even (e.g. "not even a single person"); thinking that ...; trying to ...
indicates the subject of a sentence; indicates possession; but; however; and; used after an introductory remark or explanation; regardless of ...
to live (of humans); to reside; to inhabit; to dwell; to abide
rural area; countryside; the sticks; hometown
direction; way; side (of an argument, etc.); one's part; type; category; field (of study, etc.)
(some) more; even more; longer; further
to calm down; to compose oneself; to calm down; to settle down; to settle down (in a location, job, etc.); to settle in; to be settled (of an arrangement, conclusion, etc.)
place; location; room; space; sumo tournament
because ...; for ...; the reason being ...; as for ...; when it comes to ...; regarding ...
to say enough (as much as required); to say plenty; to say well; to say cleverly; to say often; to say frequently
to pass through; to pass by; to pass (of time); to elapse; to have expired; to have ended; to exceed
to face; to go towards; to head towards
on the way; en route; in the middle of; midway; halfway
deer (esp. the sika deer, Cervus nippon); cervid