thank you; thanks; much (thanks); very (sorry); quite; really; somehow
hello; good day; good afternoon
this; last (couple of years, etc.); these; you (as in "you liar")
greeting; greetings; speech (congratulatory or appreciative); address; reply; response; courtesy visit (to offer condolences, say congratulations, pay respect, introduce oneself, etc.)
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
already; yet; soon; shortly; further; more
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; indicates a confident conclusion; indicates emotional emphasis; indicates question
aid; assistance; help; cheering; rooting (for); support
indicates the subject of a sentence; indicates possession; but; however; and; used after an introductory remark or explanation; regardless of ...
to be; to exist; to have; to be located; to be equipped with; to happen; to come about
it is ... that ...; precisely; although; while; it is precisely because ... that ...; only because ...
truth; reality; proper; right; genuine; authentic
at; in; to; toward; to; for; because of
volume (of book); reel (of film); scroll (of books or paintings); roll (paper, etc.)
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
story; tale; narrative; account; fable; legend
second division; secondary division
to enter; to come in; to join (a club, company, etc.); to enter (a university, the army, etc.); to be contained (in); to be included (in); to (be able to) fit (in a container, building, etc.)
end; conclusion; last; final; once ...; the moment ... (, that's it)
at; in; at; when; by; with; so
to come (spatially or temporally); to approach; to come back; to do ... and come back; to come to be; to become
year; counter for years (e.g. of an era), grades (e.g. school); period of an apprentice's contract (usu. ten years)
passage (of time); elapsing; progress; development; transit
body; torso; trunk; build; physique; health
mind; heart; spirit; the meaning of a phrase (riddle, etc.)
growth; development; growing up; growth (of a company, the economy, etc.)
figure; form; appearance; dress; state; condition
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
honorific/polite/humble prefix
to show; to display; to make (something or someone) look ...; to present an appearance of ...; to make (something) worth watching; to be entertaining; to have (something) looked at (by a specialist)
without change; as is; just like; extremely similar; immediately; just after
calm; quiet; gentle; moderate; reasonable; amicable
to shake; to jolt; to rock (cradle); to swing
if; when; and; as well as; with; together with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.)
lukewarm; tepid; half-hearted; vague; lenient; mild