indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
to ascend; to go up; to ascend (as a natural process, e.g. the Sun); to rise; to go to (the capital); to be promoted; to add up to
sky; the air; weather; far-off place; distant place; state of mind; feeling
counter for stories, episodes of TV series, etc.
notebook; copy-book; note; noting down; (musical) note; laptop (computer)
to wait; to await; to look forward to; to depend on; to need
time; hour; period; class
wind; breeze; manner; behaviour; cold; influenza
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
drumming (noise); beating; rapidly; quickly; continuously; one after the other
strong; potent; strong; brawny; good (at); skilled; being able to handle
and; and then; thus; and now; and finally
cold (to the touch); chilly; icy; (emotionally) cold; coldhearted; unfeeling
to become; to get; to result in; to turn out; to consist of; to be composed of; to be completed
body; torso; trunk; build; physique; health
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to snatch away; to dispossess; to steal
to go; to move (in a direction or towards a specific location); to proceed; to take place; to pass through; to come and go; to walk
but (still); and yet; nevertheless; even so; notwithstanding
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to sit down (and refuse to move); to sit-in (in protest)
star (usu. not including the Sun); planet (usu. not including Earth); star (glyph, symbol, shape); star (actor, player, etc.); small dot; spot; star point (in go)
slowly; unhurriedly; easily (e.g. in time); well; well (e.g. sleep); comfortably
to move; to stir; to operate; to run; to make a move; to take action; to be touched
gorgeous; gaudy; dazzling; gay; resplendent
pluralizing suffix (esp. for people and animals; formerly honorific)
now; soon; already; yet; further; more
big; large; loud; extensive; spacious; important
to incline toward; to slant; to lurch; to go down (sun); to wane; to sink
Rigel (star in the constellation Orion); Beta Orionis
to hide; to be hidden; to conceal oneself; to disappear