indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to finish; to end; to have a result less severe than expected; to feel at ease; to feel unease or guilt for troubling someone; to be sorry
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
prefix for forming ordinal numbers
reclamation (e.g. of wasteland); cultivation; development; pioneering; opening up (e.g. of a new market); breaking new ground
from; since; through (e.g. a window, door); via; because; as; from (as in "made from")
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
going ahead; going first; preceding; coming before; scoring first; getting off to a lead
pluralizing suffix (esp. for people and animals; formerly honorific)
to chase; to run after; to pursue; subsequently; following that; (and) then
ordinary; common; free of charge; free; unaffected; as is
today; this day; these days; recently; nowadays
awfully; frightfully; desperately; violently; unduly; extremely
large; big; great; prominent; -sized; as big as; university
crow (Corvus spp.); raven
indicates the subject of a sentence; indicates possession; but; however; and; used after an introductory remark or explanation; regardless of ...
many; numerous; large amount of; large quantity of; frequent; common
tree; shrub; wood; timber; wooden clappers (signalling the beginning or end of a performance)
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; indicates a confident conclusion; indicates emotional emphasis; indicates question
above; over; top; summit; surface; on (top of); the above (in a piece of writing)
to fly; to soar; to jump; to leap; to spatter; to scatter; to hurry
if; when; and; as well as; with; together with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.)
to bump into; to run into; to encounter; to meet with; to clash (of opinions, people, etc.); to conflict
at; in; at; when; by; with; so
trouble; bother; trouble; difficulty; care; attention
because; as; since; because of that; therefore; accordingly
branch; bough; limb; twig; sprig; spray
than; in comparison to; rather than; over; above
low (rank, degree, value, content, quality, etc.); low (position); close to the ground; short (height); deep (voice); in a low key
high; tall; expensive; high-priced; high (level); above average (in degree, quality, etc.)
to sew; to stitch; to weave one's way (e.g. through a crowd)
like; as; so that; in order that; be sure to; I hope (that)
(and) then; and; thereupon; in that case; then; so
with a plop; with a plonk; with a plunk; with a flop
at; in; to; toward; to; for; because of
uncomfortable feeling; feeling out of place; sense of discomfort; malaise; physical unease
to memorize; to memorise; to learn; to pick up; to feel; to think
bird; bird meat (esp. chicken meat); fowl; poultry
feces (esp. animal); excrement; dung
indicates a question; indicates an embedded question; indicates an indirect question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm
fruit of a tree; nut; berry
but; however; even; however; no matter how; ... or something; either ... or ...
to fall; to drop; to set (of the sun or moon); to sink; to decrease (of popularity, quality, speed, sales, etc.); to fall; to be inferior (to)
to come (spatially or temporally); to approach; to come back; to do ... and come back; to come to be; to become
to think; to consider; to think (of doing); to plan (to do); to judge; to assess; to imagine
there; the spot; the place; then and there; on the spot; immediately