indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; indicates a confident conclusion; indicates emotional emphasis; indicates question
people; men and women; each person; everybody
before one's eyes; in front of one; under one's nose; immediate; imminent; around the corner
scene; spectacle; sight; view
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
in front (of); before (e.g. a building); before; earlier; (the) front; frontal part; forward
at; in; to; toward; to; for; because of
to think; to consider; to think (of doing); to plan (to do); to judge; to assess; to imagine
mouth; opening; hole; mouth (of a bottle); spout; gate; door
from; since; through (e.g. a window, door); via; because; as; from (as in "made from")
deep (hole, forest, snow, etc.); dense (e.g. fog); thick (e.g. weeds, woods); close (e.g. relationship); deep (involvement); intense (e.g. longing, flavor); severe
indicates the subject of a sentence; indicates possession; but; however; and; used after an introductory remark or explanation; regardless of ...
to leak out; to escape; to find expression; to give vent; to leak out; to be divulged
again; once more; also; too; on the other hand; while; and
to sweep the slate clean; to start again from the beginning; to do it all over again
sky; heaven; God; svarga (heaven-like realm visited as a stage of death and rebirth); deva (divine being of Buddhism); top (of a book); sole (of a Japanese sandal)
to look up (at); to look upwards; to respect; to look up to
if; when; and; as well as; with; together with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.)
today; this day; these days; recently; nowadays
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
sunlight; rays of the Sun
strong; potent; strong; brawny; good (at); skilled; being able to handle
eye; eyeball; eyesight; sight; look; stare; notice
painful; sore; cringy; embarrassing
extent; degree; limit; bounds; (span of) time; (a) distance; the state of
time; hour; occasion; case; chance; opportunity
this world; this life; world of the living
end; ending; close; end of (one's) life; death
indicates a question; indicates an embedded question; indicates an indirect question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm
rain; rainy day; rainy weather; the November suit (in hanafuda)
although; despite; whereas; while; if only; I wish
as if nothing had happened
deep blue; bright blue; ghastly pale; pallid; white as a sheet
sky; the air; weather; far-off place; distant place; state of mind; feeling
odious; hateful; detestable; (speaking ironically) darling
while; during; while; although; all; both
to drain; to pour; to float (e.g. logs down a river); to set adrift; to wash away; to carry away; to broadcast
no good; not serving its purpose; hopeless; wasted; cannot; must not
to become; to get; to result in; to turn out; to consist of; to be composed of; to be completed
field (for growing wheat, fruit, vegetables, etc.); cultivated land; field (of specialization); sphere; womb; birth
another time; again; over again; formally; especially; intentionally
to look at again; to re-examine (policy, estimate, plan, etc.); to review; to get a better opinion of; to see in a more positive light; to improve
heavy rain; torrential rainfall; downpour