indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; indicates a confident conclusion; indicates emotional emphasis; indicates question
small; little; tiny; insignificant; humble; modest
challenge; defiance; dare; attempt; try
educational institution; school; academy; campus
hostel; dormitory; (arch.) bureau (government department beneath a ministry under the ritsuryō system); (arch.) tea-ceremony room; (arch.) villa
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
such things as ...; and ... and; the minute (that) ...; no sooner than ...; be; is; o
et cetera; etc.; or something; the likes of; for example; for instance
indicates the subject of a sentence; indicates possession; but; however; and; used after an introductory remark or explanation; regardless of ...
fullness; completeness; enhancement; improvement; replenishment; repletion
to descend (e.g. a mountain); to go down; to alight (e.g. from bus); to get off; to step down; to retire; to be granted
but; however; even; however; no matter how; ... or something; either ... or ...
bustling; busy; crowded; lively (party, voices, etc.); loud; noisy
voice; singing (of a bird); chirping (of an insect); voice; opinion (as expressed in words); sound; sense (of something's arrival)
to cease; to stop; to be over
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
at; in; to; toward; to; for; because of
certainly; of course; even if; no matter (who, what, when, where, why, how); without even; without so much as; at the (least, earliest, etc.)
to become; to get; to result in; to turn out; to consist of; to be composed of; to be completed
to; for; in order to; for; as for; regarding
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to take off (clothes, shoes, etc.); to undress
bright and beautiful; gorgeous; showy; prosperous; flourishing; thriving
to learn; to acquire knowledge; to carry; to wear (clothes, etc.); to put on
(your) daughter; young woman; daughter of a good family
pluralizing suffix (esp. for people and animals; formerly honorific)
tea party; get-together; tea ceremony
to open; to undo; to bloom; to unfold; to open (for business, e.g. in the morning); to be wide (gap, etc.); to widen
elegant; graceful; refined; leisurely; comfortable; easy
friendly chat; pleasant chat; lighthearted talk; friendly conversation
to enjoy; to take pleasure in; to have a good time; to look forward to
such; that sort of; that kind of; no way!; never!
horizontal (as opposed to vertical); side-to-side (as opposed to front-to-back); width; side (of a box, etc.); beside; aside
girl (usu. between 7 and 17); young lady; (arch.) female between 17 and 20 years old (ritsuryō period)
one person; being alone; being by oneself; being single; being unmarried; by oneself
weak matcha; light brown (color, colour)
to knit; to plait; to braid; to compile (anthology, dictionary, etc.); to edit