to discern (e.g. right from wrong); to discriminate; to distinguish; to know (manners, one's place, etc.); to understand; to bear in mind
rough; careless; slovenly; slipshod; rude; impolite
one's origin (e.g. city, country, parentage, school)
indicates two contrasting actions; (arch.) indicates possessive (often found in place names and compound words)
shelf; ledge; rack; trellis
to turn over; to turn upside down; to knock over; to tip over; to overturn (e.g. a decision); to upset
to stop up; to close up; to stand in the way; to obstruct; to occupy; to fill up
to be muffled; to be mumbled; to be muttered
being able to hear everything (esp. when one was not intended to)
physical education; PE; gym (class)
to accomplish; to achieve; to carry out; to do ... completely; to do ... entirely
counter for places (offices, facilities, stations)
(mumbling) incomprehensibly; while mumbling; mutteringly; murmuringly
wisteria (esp. Japanese wisteria, Wisteria floribunda); wistaria
telephone directory; telephone book; phone book
plain; simple; reserved (behaviour, attitude, etc.); modest; quite; a (little) bit
under the blazing sun; in sweltering heat
be inextricably involved; be in a sticky situation
shopping; purchased goods
comma; decimal point; radix point
a few seconds; several seconds
lick; bottom card of the draw pile; (arch.) tasting (a nobleman's) medicine to see if it contains poison; (arch.) medicine taster
to dismiss (from a position); to exempt; to excuse from; to forgive
call; summons; call; invocation; usher who calls the names of wrestlers, sweeps the ring, etc.; telephone number at which a person without a telephone can be reached; (arch.) box-shaped area containing clean water for rinsing oneself (in an Edo-period bathhouse)
whole life; a lifetime; all through life; (the only, the greatest, etc.) of one's life
to burn; to scorch; to singe; to char
to put to use; to make good use of; to exploit
dregs; sediment; lees (esp. sake); leftovers; by-product; worthless item; junk
discussion; talk; tête-à-tête; conference
to erase; to rub out; to turn off (a light, TV, heater, etc.); to switch off; to extinguish (a fire, candle, etc.); to put out; to remove (a smell, pain, etc.)
national language; Japanese language (esp. as a school subject in Japan); one's native language; mother tongue; native Japanese words (as opposed to loanwords and Chinese-derived words)
to treat; to handle; to deal with; to arrange; to decorate (with); to adorn (with)
to knit one's brows (in discomfort, unease, disapproval, etc.); to raise one's eyebrows; to frown
to roughen (e.g. one's attitude); to raise (one's voice)
normal; usual; ordinary; everyday
power; might; authority; influence
to abate; to weaken; to be emaciated; to be dejected; to be perplexed
within; inside of; less than