to begin (doing); to start (doing)
grandfather; old man; kyogen mask used for the role of an old man
to raise; to rear; to train; to teach; to promote the growth of; to nurture
work; business; company; study
change of job; change of occupation; career change
ship's captain; skipper; length of a ship; boatman
fierce look; frightening look; tough look; aggressive attitude; coercive attitude; taking a hard line
terrible; dreadful; amazing (e.g. of strength); great (e.g. of skills); to a great extent; vast (in numbers)
grandfather; male senior-citizen; old man
particle used to indicate the speaker's hope, desire, wish, etc. (e.g. "it would be nice if ...", "I wish there were ...", etc.); emphatic particle; particle adding uncertainty
with a friendly grin; smilingly
to go against; to oppose; to disobey; to defy
slightly bitter (taste); bittersweet (memory, experience, etc.)
urban area; urban district
to collect; to assemble; to gather
hometown; birthplace; native place; (arch.) ruins; (arch.) historic remains
flame; blaze; flames (of intense emotion, e.g. love, jealousy, anger); passion
scorched-earth strategy (policy, tactics)
early days; early years; early stages; initial stages; beginning
correspondence (to); equivalence; suitability; coordination; dealing with; coping with
to defend against; to protect against; to prevent; to avert; to avoid
keeping alive longer; prolonging life; life extension; life-support
plan; policy; means; fifth principle of the Eight Principles of Yong; right upward flick
to lecture; to read aloud; to devise (e.g. a strategy); to work out (e.g. a tactic); to confer; to hold conference (with)
human experiment; human experimentation; experiment on a living person
experiments using animals; in-vivo testing; animal testing
sacrifice; victim (esp. someone killed); casualty; sacrifice (to a deity)
cooperation; collaboration; help; support
old person; senior citizen; the aged; the elderly
young person; youngster; young people; (the) youth
offer; tender; providing; sponsoring (a TV program)
research; study; investigation
row; line; group (of peers); ranks (of); sequence; series (taxonomic rank)
grandmother; old woman; female senior citizen
prime field; figurine (used in modeling, dollmaking, etc.)
candidacy; standing as a candidate; bidding (to host an event, e.g. the Olympics)
both (people); the two of them