that; the; part (as in "part two"); um ...; er ...
indicates the subject of a sentence; indicates possession; but; however; and; used after an introductory remark or explanation; regardless of ...
discovery; detection; finding
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; indicates a confident conclusion; indicates emotional emphasis; indicates question
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
Common Era; CE; Christian Era; Western (Gregorian) calendar
one-by-one; separately; every single; each and every; without omission
year; counter for years (e.g. of an era), grades (e.g. school); period of an apprentice's contract (usu. ten years)
October; tenth month of the lunar calendar
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
at that time; in those days
the world; society; sphere; circle; world-renowned; world-famous
about; roughly; generally; on the whole; completely; quite
hundred million; 100,000,000; 10^8
beginning (of a century, etc.)
not exceeding ...; not more than ...; below (a standard, level, etc.); under; the following; the below-mentioned
at; in; to; toward; to; for; because of
decrease; reduction; decline
middle stage; middle phase; middle game; midfield (in soccer)
reaction; recoil; kick; backlash
indicates a question; indicates an embedded question; indicates an indirect question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm
people; men and women; each person; everybody
unity; coherence; consistency; settlement; conclusion; closure
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to lose; to miss (a chance, opportunity); to lose (a loved one); to be bereaved of; to concede (goals, points, etc.)
to be broken into pieces; to be in a jumble; to be in disarray; to be thrown into turmoil
in name but not in reality
if; when; and; as well as; with; together with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.)
China; Chūgoku region (western part of Honshu comprising the prefectures of Okayama, Hiroshima, Yamaguchi, Tottori and Shimane); central part of a country; main region; province of the second lowest rank (ritsuryō system)
minority ethnic group; ethnic minority; minority race
simultaneous; all at once
by means of; due to; because of; according to
oil; petroleum; kerosene; paraffin
to be used up; to be run out; to be exhausted; to be consumed; to come to an end