nice to meet you; I'm glad to make your acquaintance; how do you do?
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; indicates a confident conclusion; indicates emotional emphasis; indicates question
direction; way; side (of an argument, etc.); one's part; type; category; field (of study, etc.)
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
before; prior to; ago; the past; before; previously
from; since; through (e.g. a window, door); via; because; as; from (as in "made from")
knowing; being aware (of); (an) acquaintance
hello; good day; good afternoon
if; when; and; as well as; with; together with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.)
to say; to be called; to do
at; in; at; when; by; with; so
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
counter for books; volume
eye; eyeball; eyesight; sight; look; stare; notice
and; and then; thus; and now; and finally
last; final; closing; last train (bus, flight, etc.; of the day)
publication; edition (e.g. morning, evening, special); published in (year); publication frequency (e.g. daily, monthly)
one copy (of a book, magazine, etc.); one volume
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to write; to compose; to pen; to draw; to paint
stage; step; level; rank; order; stairs
story; tale; narrative; account; fable; legend
foundation; base; basis; from the beginning; from the outset; by nature
degree; amount; grade; standard; of the order of (following a number); about
to make; to produce; to prepare (food); to brew (alcohol); to raise; to grow; to till
indicates a question; indicates an embedded question; indicates an indirect question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm
terrible; dreadful; amazing (e.g. of strength); great (e.g. of skills); to a great extent; vast (in numbers)
to be worried; to be troubled
big; large; loud; extensive; spacious; important
collection; recovery; withdrawal; retrieval
to become; to get; to result in; to turn out; to consist of; to be composed of; to be completed
and; besides; because; since; the thing is; for one thing
reverse; opposite; converse (of a hypothesis, etc.); inverse (function)
at; in; to; toward; to; for; because of
small; little; slight; below average (in degree, amount, etc.); low (e.g. sound); soft (e.g. voice)
volume (of book); reel (of film); scroll (of books or paintings); roll (paper, etc.)
to pile up; to heap up; to stack up; to repeat many times over; to go through repeatedly; to accumulate
one by one; each; every; at intervals of
appendix; postscript; retrofit; post-installation; giving a reason afterwards; making an excuse after the event
indicates the subject of a sentence; indicates possession; but; however; and; used after an introductory remark or explanation; regardless of ...
to be consistent; to be coherent
anxiety; uneasiness; worry; apprehension; fear; insecurity