change; variation; variety; diversity; inflection; declension
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; indicates a confident conclusion; indicates emotional emphasis; indicates question
invitation; introduction; temptation
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
how; in what way; how about
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
indicates a question; indicates an embedded question; indicates an indirect question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm
elder; senior; senior monk; dean; presbyter
to receive; to get; to catch (e.g. a ball); to be struck by (wind, waves, sunlight, etc.); to sustain (damage); to incur (a loss); to undergo (e.g. surgery)
having no choice but to ...; all one can do is ...; there's nothing to do except ...; having nothing but ...; there is only ...; having only ...
seems; I think; I guess; right?; don't you agree?
another place; somewhere else; outside (one's family or group); someone else; not caring for; being indifferent to
continent; continental Asia (esp. mainland China); continental Europe
if; in case; as for; on the topic of; if that's the case; if so
still; as yet; (not) yet; more; (more) still; at least
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to dress (oneself in); to attire oneself in; to adorn; to pretend; to feign; to affect
to be (of animate objects); to exist; to stay; to be ...-ing; to have ...-ed; to be ...-ed
may; might; perhaps; may be; possibly
indicates the subject of a sentence; indicates possession; but; however; and; used after an introductory remark or explanation; regardless of ...
here; this place; this point; here; these past ... (e.g. three years); these last ...
at; in; at; when; by; with; so
when it comes to ...; where ... is concerned; if it's the case that ...; if it turns out that ...; if it's true that ...
don't; do; hey; listen; now, ...; well, ...; wow
somewhere; in some respects; in some way
house; residence; family; household; lineage; family name
inside; interior; among; within; middle; center; during
magic; witchcraft; sorcery; spell
under (guidance, supervision, rules, the law, etc.); under (a flag, the sun, etc.); beneath; with (e.g. one blow); on (the promise, condition, assumption, etc. that ...); (someone's) side
past; after; too (much); over- (e.g. eating)
at; in; to; toward; to; for; because of
to be seen; to be visible; to look; to seem; to come
man; male; fellow; guy; male lover; boyfriend
if; when; and; as well as; with; together with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.)
near; close (to); nearby; (drawing) near; approaching; almost here
old person; senior citizen; the aged; the elderly
what; you-know-what; that thing; whatsit; whachamacallit; penis; (one's) thing
to talk; to speak; to tell; to explain; to speak (a language)
to resemble; to look like; to be like; to be alike; to be similar; to take after
like; similar to; (I) think (that); (I) have a feeling (that); feels like; feels similar to
pendant (jewelry); pendant (light)