zero; 0; nought; nothing; zilch
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
familiar (spirit or otherwise magical creature which aids a magician or sorcerer); familiar spirit
Saint; St.; S.; sacred; holy; pure
country; state; region; national government; central government; home (i.e. hometown, home country); (arch.) province (of Japan)
the world; society; sphere; circle; world-renowned; world-famous
door; gate; opening; title page
chapter one; first chapter
union; alliance; combination; RENGO (Japanese Trade Union Confederation)
Japan; the (Japanese) empire
inside; interior; among; within; middle; center; during
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
one; for one thing; only; (not) even; just (e.g. "just try it"); some kind of; one type of
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
to call out (to); to call; to summon (a doctor, etc.); to invite; to designate; to name; to garner (support, etc.)
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
many; numerous; large amount of; large quantity of; frequent; common
this; last (couple of years, etc.); these; you (as in "you liar")
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
place; situation; position; location
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
founder; originator; pioneer
pupil; disciple; adherent; follower; apprentice; young person
one person; being alone; being by oneself; being single; being unmarried; by oneself
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
ancestor; forefather; originator; pioneer; grandfather
king; ruler; tycoon; magnate; king (of the senior player)
to try to ...; to be about to do ...; to decide to ...; to take as; to treat as; to use for; to suppose that (such) is the case
town; city; municipal; urban
beginning; start; outset; at first; at the beginning; initially
one; 1; best; first; foremost; beginning; start
no more than; just; only; mere; goes no further than
that; the; part (as in "part two"); um ...; er ...
to become; to get; to result in; to turn out; to consist of; to be composed of; to be completed
pride; self-confidence; thinking highly of oneself; being proud of one's abilities or achievements
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
magnification; enlargement; expansion; amplification
demand; firm request; requisition; requirement; desire
in succession; one by one