deep (hole, forest, snow, etc.); dense (e.g. fog); thick (e.g. weeds, woods); close (e.g. relationship); deep (involvement); intense (e.g. longing, flavor); severe
dark; gloomy; depressed; dispirited; dark (in colour); dull; ill-boding
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; indicates a confident conclusion; indicates emotional emphasis; indicates question
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
intently; single-mindedly; devotedly; solely; earnestly; with all one's heart
this sort of; this kind of; like this; such
sense; sensation; feeling; intuition
to taste; to savor; to appreciate; to enjoy; to experience; to go through
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
to be; to exist; to have; to be located; to be equipped with; to happen; to come about
indicates a question; indicates an embedded question; indicates an indirect question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm
surely; undoubtedly; sternly; severely; having no slack; rigid
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
it seems; I think; I guess; right?; don't you agree?
test (of ability, knowledge, etc.); exam; test (of performance, quality, etc.); trial; rehearsal
study; diligence; working hard; experience; knowledge; discount
painful; bitter; tough; difficult; cruel; harsh
honorific/polite/humble prefix
such things as ...; and ... and; the minute (that) ...; no sooner than ...; be; is; o
human relations; personal relationships
trouble; troubles; worry; distress; sorrows; anguish
mind; heart; spirit; the meaning of a phrase (riddle, etc.)
to sink; to go under; to go down (e.g. sun); to set; to feel depressed; to become subdued
one's life under medical treatment; (means and time spent) fighting against an illness
year; counter for years (e.g. of an era), grades (e.g. school); period of an apprentice's contract (usu. ten years)
to; for; from the standpoint of; as far as ... is concerned
to lose; to miss (a chance, opportunity); to lose (a loved one); to be bereaved of; to concede (goals, points, etc.)
thing; object; one's things; possessions; things; something; quality
indicates the subject of a sentence; indicates possession; but; however; and; used after an introductory remark or explanation; regardless of ...
many; numerous; large amount of; large quantity of; frequent; common
main text; original text; this book; this volume
protagonist; main character; hero; head (of a household); proprietor (of a store)
pluralizing suffix (esp. for people and animals; formerly honorific)
to obtain; to come into possession of; to get hold of; to get one's hands on
something; some; somehow; for some reason; (so) what (are you trying to say)?; what (do you mean)?
and; and then; thus; and now; and finally
again; once more; also; too; on the other hand; while; and