thank you; thanks; much (thanks); very (sorry); quite; really; somehow
first of all; to begin with; probably; most likely; more or less (satisfactory); on the whole
this; last (couple of years, etc.); these; you (as in "you liar")
greeting; greetings; speech (congratulatory or appreciative); address; reply; response; courtesy visit (to offer condolences, say congratulations, pay respect, introduce oneself, etc.)
from; since; through (e.g. a window, door); via; because; as; from (as in "made from")
to start; to begin; to start up (a business, society, etc.); to open (e.g. a store); to start ...; to begin to ...
to become; to get; to result in; to turn out; to consist of; to be composed of; to be completed
right?; isn't it?; hey; say; you know; you see; will you?
to empty; to remove; to move out; to clear out; to be away from (e.g. one's house); to leave (temporarily); to dawn
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
please; kindly; I beg of you; by all means; without fail
please remember me; please help me; please treat me well; please do; please take care of
to say; to utter; to name; to call; to go (e.g. "the alarm went ping"); to make a noise
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
at; in; at; when; by; with; so
year; counter for years (e.g. of an era), grades (e.g. school); period of an apprentice's contract (usu. ten years)
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; indicates a confident conclusion; indicates emotional emphasis; indicates question
work (e.g. book, film, painting, composition); piece; production; opus
capture (of enemy territory); taking (by storm); defeating (an opponent); attacking (a problem) strategically; strategy; tactics
person; -er; (arch.) expert; (arch.) geisha; (arch.) prostitute
combat techniques; combat skills; fighting techniques
breaking through; breakthrough; surmounting (a difficulty); overcoming; exceeding; passing
compilation (of a text); editing; volume (of a text); completed literary work
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
honorific/polite/humble prefix
to send; to dispatch; to see (someone) off; to escort; to bid farewell to (the departed); to say goodbye to; to spend (time)
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
story; tale; narrative; account; fable; legend
inside; interior; among; within; middle; center; during
but; however; even; however; no matter how; ... or something; either ... or ...
time; hour; occasion; case; chance; opportunity
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
to stream; to flow (liquid, time, etc.); to be washed away; to be carried; to drift; to float (e.g. clouds); to sweep (e.g. rumour, fire)
pluralizing suffix (esp. for people and animals; formerly honorific)
before; prior to; ago; the past; before; previously
indicates word or phrase being defined; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); with; (not) as much as; (not) so much as; the fact that
to mistake (for something or someone else); to be unable to recognize
the more ... the more ...; as; (arch.) while; (arch.) during; (arch.) because; (arch.) since