original text; source book; draft
one; 1; best; first; foremost; beginning; start
going; travelling; act; action; bank; counter for banks; counter for groups or parties of people
party; group; troop; one act; one action; one deed
letter (of alphabet); character; writing
multicolumn layout; column setting
step; stair; grade; rank; counter for breaks in written language (or speech, etc.); dan
boldface; bold-type; thick characters
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
double circle (indicating "very good" on a piece of school work)
bull's-eye (pattern); double ring (pattern); umbrella with bull's-eye pattern
literary club (e.g. at school); literary section (e.g. newspaper)
head (chief, director) of a section or department; head of a (school) club; head of a (school) team
story; tale; narrative; account; fable; legend
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to eat; to live on (e.g. a salary); to live off; to subsist on
approximately; about; to (about) the extent that; (almost) enough that; as ... as ...; like
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
this; last (couple of years, etc.); these; you (as in "you liar")
little girl; maiden; young lady; (arch.) female between 17 and 20 years old (ritsuryo period)
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
what; how many; many; a lot of; several; a few
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
abrupt; sudden; unexpected
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
club that has suspended its activities; not attending one's club
declaration; proclamation; announcement
that; the; part (as in "part two"); um ...; er ...
to be utterly amazed; to be stunned; to be disgusted
while; even though; despite
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
(a) touch of; tinge of; wreath (e.g. of smoke); one stroke; one brush
lonely; lonesome; solitary; desolate
to memorize; to memorise; to learn; to pick up; to feel; to think
one (esp. of two); the other; on the one hand; on the other hand; whereas; although
to build up; to establish; to form; to become (a state); to accomplish; to achieve; to change into
together (with); at the same time; in a lump
after school (at the end of the day)
to pass (time); to spend; to overdo (esp. of one's alcohol consumption); to drink (alcohol); (arch.) to take care of; (arch.) to support