original text; source book; draft
one; 1; best; first; foremost; beginning; start
going; travelling; act; action; bank; counter for banks; counter for groups or parties of people
party; group; troop; one act; one action; one deed
letter (of alphabet); character; writing
multicolumn layout; column setting
step; stair; grade; rank; counter for breaks in written language (or speech, etc.); dan
boldface; bold-type; thick characters
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
emoticon; smiley; kaomoji
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
writing vertically; vertical writing
reappearance; reemergence; return; reproduction; reenactment; recreation
environmentally dependent; environment-dependent
angle bracket (e.g. <>); chevron
double; two-fold; diplo-; dipl-; double-edged eyelid; double eyelid
iteration mark (used to represent repetition of the previous character); ditto mark
iteration mark shaped like the hiragana "ku" (used in vertical writing to represent repetition of two or more characters)
senior (at work or school); superior; elder; older graduate; progenitor; old-timer
breakthrough; great discovery
literary club (e.g. at school); literary section (e.g. newspaper)
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to jump in; to leap in; to plunge into; to burst in; to barge in
to come (spatially or temporally); to approach; to come back; to do ... and come back; to come to be; to become
discovery; detection; finding
indicates word or phrase being defined; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); with; (not) as much as; (not) so much as; the fact that
little girl; maiden; young lady; (arch.) female between 17 and 20 years old (ritsuryo period)
apprenticeship; probation; learning by observation; apprentice; trainee; probationer
before one knows; before one becomes aware of; unnoticed; unawares
to put; to place; to leave (behind); to establish (an organization, a facility, a position, etc.); to set up; to appoint (someone to a certain position); to hire
pattern; figure; state; condition; conjecture of the current situation; the way it seems; model
this; this one; this person; now; this point (in time); here; used to stress the subject of a sentence
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
riddle; puzzle; enigma; enigmatic; mysterious
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to feel around for; to fumble for; to investigate; to probe into; to explore (parts unknown); to enjoy (natural beauty)
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question