original text; source book; draft
one; 1; best; first; foremost; beginning; start
going; travelling; act; action; bank; counter for banks; counter for groups or parties of people
party; group; troop; one act; one action; one deed
letter (of alphabet); character; writing
multicolumn layout; column setting
step; stair; grade; rank; counter for breaks in written language (or speech, etc.); dan
boldface; bold-type; thick characters
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
you; buddy; monarch; ruler; he; she
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
detestable; abhorrent; loathsome
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
in that way; thus; so; so?
to tell; to inform; to announce; to indicate; to signal; to mark
to finish; to stop; to close (a business, etc.); to close down; to put away; to put back
that day; the very same day
true feelings; real intention; one's heart; one's right mind; one's senses; one's conscience
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to keep up (appearances); to smooth over (an error, etc.); to gloss over; to mend; to repair
to touch; to come in contact with; to receive (e.g. visitor); to attend to; to receive (news); to get; to encounter
to reach the point that; to come to be that; to turn into
such; that sort of; that kind of; no way!; never!
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
disagreeable; detestable; unpleasant; reluctant
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
summer vacation; summer holiday
action; conduct; behaviour; behavior; mobilization; mobilisation
to leave; to exit; to leave (on a journey); to depart; to move forward; to come to; to get to
heartbreak; grief; sorrow
to pass through; to pass by; to pass (of time); to elapse; to have expired; to have ended; to exceed
school festival; cultural festival; annual open day school event showcasing student talent
to turn towards; to point
to be crowded with people; to be bustling with; to prosper; to flourish; to do thriving business
again; once more; also; too; on the other hand; while; and
meeting; rendezvous; encounter; confluence