why; how; for what reason
you; buddy; monarch; ruler; he; she
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
to live; to exist; to make a living; to subsist; to be in effect; to be in use
endorsing and questioning the preceding statement; lamenting reflections on the preceding statement
to recall; to remember; to recollect
to descend; to go down; to be handed down (of an order, judgment, etc.); to pass (of time); to surrender; to capitulate; to be less than
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
in that way; thus; so; the same; so?
always; all the time; never; usual; regular
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; indicates a confident conclusion; indicates emotional emphasis; indicates question
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
only; merely; approximately; about; just (finished, etc.); as if to; (as though) about to
dango; dumpling (usu. sweet); ball-shaped object; something round; lump; group
talk; speech; topic; subject; discussions; negotiation; rumor
and the like; such as; or something; something like; I hear that ...; people say that ...
(afternoon) nap; sleeping during the day; siesta
indicates the subject of a sentence; indicates possession; but; however; and; used after an introductory remark or explanation; regardless of ...
nonexistent; not being (there); unowned; not had; unique; not; impossible
from; since; through (e.g. a window, door); via; because; as; from (as in "made from")
to give; to let (one) have; to give; to do for one; to take the trouble to do; to do to someone's disadvantage
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
seems; I think; I guess; right?; don't you agree?; I thought you'd say that!
you; before (a god, nobleman, etc.); in front of
diligently; seriously; perfectly; properly; sufficiently; satisfactorily
pillow; bolster; introduction (e.g. to a rakugo story); lead-in
to be; to exist; to have; to be located; to be equipped with; to happen; to come about
where; what place; how much (long, far); what extent
but; however; even; however; no matter how; ... or something; either ... or ...
to sleep (lying down); to go to bed; to lie in bed; to lie down; to sleep (with someone, i.e. have intercourse); to lie flat (e.g. of hair); to lie idle (of funds, stock, etc.)
even if not; even without
isn't it?; let's ...; why don't we ...; how about we ...
anyway; anyhow; setting aside ...; regardless of ...; really; truly
absurd; ridiculous; silly; ludicrous; nonsensical; asinine
at; in; at; when; by; with; so
to laugh; to smile; to sneer; to ridicule; to be dumbfounded; to be flabbergasted
and; and then; thus; and now; and finally
again; once more; also; too; on the other hand; while; and
today; this day; these days; recently; nowadays
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
office (e.g. the Oval Office)
inside; interior; among; within; middle; center; during
now; the present time; just now; another; more