hello; good day; good afternoon
thankfully; fortunately; luckily; thanks to your (his, their, everyone's, etc.) kindness; thanks to your assistance; thanks to your support
substitution (for someone else); substitute; stand-in; scapegoat; sacrifice
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
volume (of book); reel (of film); scroll (of books or paintings); roll (paper, etc.)
eye; eyeball; eyesight; sight; look; stare; notice
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
character (in a play, novel, film, etc.); dramatis personae
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; indicates a confident conclusion; indicates emotional emphasis; indicates question
birth; lineage; identity; background; provenance; origin
to ask; to inquire; to blame (someone) for; to accuse of; to care about; to regard as important
indicates a question; indicates an embedded question; indicates an indirect question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm
opposite side; bottom; rear; back; lining; inside; in the shadows
circumstances; conditions; situation; reasons; state of affairs
indicates the subject of a sentence; indicates possession; but; however; and; used after an introductory remark or explanation; regardless of ...
to become clear; to be made public
this; last (couple of years, etc.); these; you (as in "you liar")
establishment; creation; posing (a problem); options setting; preference settings; configuration
talk; speech; topic; subject; discussions; negotiation; rumor
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
beginning; outset; first; onset
at; in; to; toward; to; for; because of
to think of; to hit upon; to come into one's mind; to remember; to recall
time; hour; occasion; case; chance; opportunity
from; since; through (e.g. a window, door); via; because; as; from (as in "made from")
to be; to exist; to have; to be located; to be equipped with; to happen; to come about
thing; object; one's things; possessions; things; something; quality
continuation; rest (of the story, work, etc.); flow (e.g. of a piece of writing); pacing (of a story); succession (of); sequence
to write; to compose; to pen; to draw; to paint
good; excellent; sufficient; enough; profitable (deal, business offer, etc.); beneficial
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
if; when; and; as well as; with; together with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.)
honorific/polite/humble prefix
pardon; forgiveness; exemption; permission
because; as; since; because of that; therefore; accordingly
to take out; to get out; to put out; to reveal; to submit (e.g. thesis); to turn in; to publish
to receive; to take; to get someone to do something; to have in one's pocket (a fight, match); to contract (a disease); to catch
to decide to; to pretend that; to make a practice of doing; to make it a rule to
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...
one or two; a couple; a few; first and second (place); the top two