prefix for forming ordinal numbers
20 years old; (arch.) twenty
talk; speech; topic; subject; discussions; negotiation; rumor
doubt; misgivings; distrust; suspicion
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; indicates a confident conclusion; indicates emotional emphasis; indicates question
Mr; Mrs; Miss; politeness marker
this way; this direction; here; this (one); I; me
to come; to go; to be (somewhere); to be (doing)
shrine; palace; imperial residence; Imperial prince; Imperial princess; headboard with built-in shelves, drawers, etc.
greens; vegetables; rape (Brassica napus); rapeseed
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
at; in; to; toward; to; for; because of
to call out (to); to call; to summon (a doctor, etc.); to invite; to designate; to name; to garner (support, etc.)
yes; that is correct; understood; I see; present; here; pardon?
if; when; and; as well as; with; together with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.)
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
disorder; confusion; clutter; mess; muddle; disarray
to take off (clothes, shoes, etc.); to undress
to change (one's clothes)
from; since; through (e.g. a window, door); via; because; as; from (as in "made from")
lower floor; downstairs; bottom of the stairs; foot of the stairs
to face; to go towards; to head towards
space (between); gap; period of time (during, while); duration; between (two parties or things); among (a group); relations (between)
reason; significance; cause; piece of information that one has heard; I hear that ...; it is said that ...
smell (esp. a good smell); fragrance; scent; aroma; perfume
Japanese league; ri; neighbourhood (under the ritsuryō system; orig. of 50 homes); unit of area (approx. 654 m by 654 m)
living; lifestyle; living room
at; in; at; when; by; with; so
to sit (down); to have a seat; to be seated; to assume (a position); to take on (a duty); to occupy (a post)
as usual; as always; as before; as ever; still
figure; form; appearance; dress; state; condition
where; what place; how much (long, far); what extent
to see; to look; to examine; to look over; to look after; to attend to; to experience
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
home; household; family; hearth