happiness; well-being; joy; welfare; blessedness
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
cherry blossom (colour, color)
outbreak; spring forth; generation (e.g. of power or heat); genesis; ontogeny; development of complex multicellular structures from cell(s) in a simple state
in front (of); before (e.g. a building); before; earlier; (the) front; frontal part; forward
quiet; silent; slow; unhurried; calm; peaceful
after school (at the end of the day)
to incline toward; to slant; to lurch; to go down (sun); to wane; to sink
to hang up (e.g. a coat, a picture on the wall); to let hang; to put on (e.g. a blanket); to put on top of; to put on (glasses, etc.); to wear (a necklace, etc.); to make (a call)
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
calm; quiet; gentle; moderate; reasonable; amicable
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to insert; to put in; to have a griping pain; to flow in; to shine in
that; the; part (as in "part two"); um ...; er ...
place; location; room; space; basho; wrestling tournament
annual (plant); first-year student
riches; wealth; resources; lottery
house; residence; family; household; lineage; family name
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
one person; being alone; being by oneself; being single; being unmarried; by oneself
with a complacent smile; with a smile of satisfaction
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
to stand; to rise; to find oneself (e.g. in a difficult position); to depart (on a plane, train, etc.)
small build; small stature; petite; small pattern
body; torso; trunk; build; physique; health
shadow; silhouette; reflection; image; ominous sign; light (stars, moon)
to fall down; to drop; to be omitted; to be missing; to decrease; to sink; to fail (e.g. exam or class)
to prepare; to provide; to set up; to establish; to organize
setting up specially; special installation
bulletin board; display board; notice board; electronic bulletin board; BBS
long (distance, length); long (time); protracted; prolonged
to paste; to stick; to affix; to station; to post
imitation Japanese vellum
name; given name; first name
to be placed on; to be set on; to be piled on; to appear (in print); to be mentioned; to be recorded
(school) subject; curriculum; course; item; heading; entry
synthesis; coordination; putting together; comprehensive
rank; place (e.g. first place); decimal place; counter for ghosts