deep (hole, forest, snow, etc.); dense (e.g. fog); thick (e.g. weeds, woods); close (e.g. relationship); deep (involvement); intense (e.g. longing, flavor); severe
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; indicates a confident conclusion; indicates emotional emphasis; indicates question
inside; interior; among; within; middle; center; during
elderly woman; senior lady-in-waiting
if; when; and; as well as; with; together with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.)
indicates the subject of a sentence; indicates possession; but; however; and; used after an introductory remark or explanation; regardless of ...
to starve; to be famished; to be hungry; to be starved of (e.g. love); to be thirsty for (e.g. knowledge); to be hungry for
death; (an) out; death penalty (by strangulation or decapitation; most severe of the five ritsuryō punishments)
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to wait; to await; to look forward to; to depend on; to need
area; vicinity; side; edge; circumstances
fate; destiny (esp. as a mysterious force that binds two people together); relationship (e.g. between two people); bond; family ties; affinity; opportunity
smallness; small item; short month (i.e. having fewer than 31 days); urine; piss; elementary school; smaller (of two things, places, etc. with the same name)
at; in; to; toward; to; for; because of
to visit; to call on; to arrive (of a season, situation, etc.); to come; to appear
300; three hundred; 300 mon; trifling amount; shyster
after an interval of ... years; for the first time in ... years
cold snap; wave of extremely cold weather
that; it; then; that point (in time); (arch.) there; (arch.) you
to continue; to last; to continue (without a break); to be unbroken; to occur again and again; to lead to; to connect to
famine; crop failure; chronic shortage (e.g. of water)
to expose (to the sun, public, danger, etc.); to bleach; to refine; to rinse (vegetables); to soak; to doxx
rate; ratio; one tenth; ten percent; (comparative) profit; gain; assignment
to die; to pass away; to lose spirit; to lose vigor; to cease; to stop
dwelling; house; home; den (of criminals, demons, etc.); nest
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
human being; human; person; character (of a person)
residential area; quarter; neighbourhood; neighborhood
domestic animals; livestock; cattle
bedroom (esp. one used by a married couple); sleeping quarters; inner room; room at the back of the house
to come together; to join; to merge; to get married; to become a married couple
dilapidated house; tumbledown house; my house; my home; (arch.) small resting place comprising four pillars and a roof (with no walls)
farming; agriculture; cultivation
business; task; use; purpose; for the use of ...; used for ...
cattle (Bos taurus); cow; beef; Chinese "Ox" constellation (one of the 28 mansions)
a long time ago; long ago
to eat up; to consume (completely)
father; father (e.g. of a discipline); pioneer (e.g. of field of research); God; Father
war; battle; campaign; (arch.) troops; (arch.) forces
at; in; at; when; by; with; so
thief; robber; burglar; bandit
to attack; to assail; to succeed (someone in a post, role, etc.); to make a sudden visit