jpdb beta

viewing as a problem; problematizing

1

account

1

to cancel; to withdraw; to retract; to take back (words, etc.); to revoke

2

to come to nothing; to go down the drain; to go up in smoke

1

to lack

1

ancient writing (i.e. Edo-period or older); classical literature; ancient Chinese character (pre-Qin period)

2

to begin; to set about; to start

6

brush tip; first on a list; head; chief

1

straying; wandering off course

2

fearfully; timidly; cautiously; nervously

1

the very best; excellent; superb

1

history of Japan; Japanese history

10

appearance; look; aspect; strong spirit; mettle

1

question sheet; question paper

6

Edo period (1603-1868)

1

battle; fight; fighting; engagement; contest

2

filling (up) a hole; filling in (for a gap, vacancy, etc.); stopgap; making up (for a loss, damage, etc.); covering (a deficit); cloze deletion (test format)

3

to be unable to; to find difficult (unpleasant, awkward, painful) to do; to serve two or more functions or roles simultaneously; to contain (or combine) two or more features; to work in two or more jobs simultaneously (positions, etc.); to do alongside

3

perplexity; difficult question; difficult problem

4

fluent; flowing; elegant

1

name of an imperial era (e.g. Heisei, Shōwa); Japanese era name

1

to write down; to record; to register

3

comedian; actor who plays comic roles; figure of fun; laughing stock

1

to come near; to approach; to be on the verge of; to be about to; to overhang; to hang over

2

Persia

1

Macedonia

1

counter for questions

1

cavity; hollow; void; hollow (voice, smile, etc.); blank (eyes, look, etc.); vacant (expression, stare, etc.)

5

slow; sluggish; dull; lax; sloppy; lenient

1

uneasy

2

Alexander; Alexandre

1

great king

1

Alexandros

1

counter for generations; epoch

2

stinking; smelly; suspicious; fishy; clumsy; unskilled

5

you; buddy; pal; monarch; ruler; sovereign

1

public matter; governmental matter; prince; duke; lord; sir

3

pre-era; BC; BCE

2

Rome

2

the whole life

1

dictatorship; despotism

1

government service; the bureaucracy

1

stoppage; coming to a stop; ceasing (movement, activity, etc.); suspension (of operations); suspension (of payment, licence, etc.); (temporary) prohibition

1

Caesar

2

imperial government; imperialism; monarchical rule

1

to lay the foundation (for)

1

the way back; the way home; return trip

1

to forgive and forget; to let bygones be bygones; to sweep under the carpet; to wipe the slate clean

1

serving (of food); helping; chilled soba served on a dish (often on a wicker basket or in a shallow steaming basket) with dipping sauce

14

babysitting; babysitter; protecting; keeping; keeper

1