including tax (of a price); pretax (income or profits); before tax
yen (currency of Japan); circle
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; indicates a confident conclusion; indicates emotional emphasis; indicates question
weight; weight (e.g. of someone's words); burden; importance; significance
you said; he said; even if; do you seriously think that; I already told you; you should know by now that; the said ...
heavy; weighty; heavy (feeling); depressed; slow; sluggish; important (position, responsibility, etc.)
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
don't; do; hey; listen; now, ...; well, ...; wow
in that way; thus; so; the same; so?
to feel; to sense; to be moved (by); to be touched (by); to become infected with (an illness); to catch
reason; cause; meaning; sense; (good) sense; reason
very difficult to ...; nearly impossible to ...
to; for; in order to; for; as for; regarding
abruptly; suddenly; all of a sudden; without warning
be considered; be deemed; be thought to be
it seems; I think; I guess; right?; don't you agree?
indicates the subject of a sentence; indicates possession; but; however; and; used after an introductory remark or explanation; regardless of ...
just (e.g. "just wait here"); come now; tolerably; passably; well ...; I think ...
a little; a bit; just a minute; for a moment; somewhat; rather; (not) easily
to hear; to listen (e.g. to music); to ask; to enquire; to hear about; to hear of; to follow (advice, order, etc.)
please (give me); please (do for me)
there (place relatively near listener); there (place just mentioned); that place; then (of some incident just spoken of); that (of point just raised); (arch.) you
lovely; wonderful; charming; enchanting; nice; great
Boys (The Shirelles song)
a little; a few; small; only; just; merely
Mr; Mrs; Miss; politeness marker
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
because; as; since; because of that; therefore; accordingly
H; h; indecent; lewd; (having) sex; pervert; nth year in the Heisei era (1989.1.8-2019.4.30)
book; volume; this; present; main; head; real
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
nicely; properly; frequently; often; I'm glad that you ...; thank you for ...
to buy; to purchase; to value (highly); to think highly of; to incur (someone's anger, displeasure, etc.); to elicit (e.g. sneers)
this; this one; this person; now; this point (in time); here; used to stress the subject of a sentence
so; therefore; accordingly; like I said; I told you already
to be (in contrast to something that is not the case)
material; materials; data; information; documents
it is assuredly that ...; can say with confidence that ...
there's no (other) way; cannot be helped; unavoidable; it's no use (doing); pointless; hopeless (person)