first (of all); firstly; probably; most likely; more or less (satisfactory); on the whole
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; indicates a confident conclusion; indicates emotional emphasis; indicates question
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
a little; a bit; a small amount; a little while; a short time; a moment
... years old; age (of) ...
(approximate) time; around; suitable time (or condition); time of year; season
pitch-black; jet-black; strongly tanned; deeply sunburnt; sooty; black with dirt
to pick up; to gather; to find (and pick up; something someone has dropped); to select; to choose; to get (unexpectedly); to hit upon (luck, an opportunity, etc.)
neighbourhood; neighborhood; vicinity
at; in; at; when; by; with; so
miserable; pitiable; shameful; deplorable; pathetic
voice; singing (of a bird); chirping (of an insect); voice; opinion (as expressed in words); sound; sense (of something's arrival)
to make sound (of an animal); to call; to cry; to make a meld call (e.g. pung, kong)
house; residence; family; household; lineage; family name
to take (someone) with one; to bring along; to go with; to be accompanied by
to return; to come home; to leave (of a guest, customer, etc.); to get home; to get to home plate
sensible; clever; smart; decent; tasteful
to do; to undertake; to send; to dispatch; to put; to move; to give (esp. to someone of equal or lower status)
if; when; and; as well as; with; together with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.)
to think (about, of); to think over; to consider; to bear in mind; to think (that); to believe; to intend (to do)
space (between); gap; period of time (during, while); duration; between (two parties or things); among (a group); relations (between)
at; in; to; toward; to; for; because of
indicates the subject of a sentence; indicates possession; but; however; and; used after an introductory remark or explanation; regardless of ...
black; black stone; guilt; guilty person
to call out (to); to call; to summon (a doctor, etc.); to invite; to designate; to name; to garner (support, etc.)
to start; to begin; to start up (a business, society, etc.); to open (e.g. a store); to start ...; to begin to ...
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
such; like that; that sort of
person; someone; human beings; mankind; human (Homo sapiens); (other) people; others
black; dark; blackish; suspicious; criminal; darkened and dirty; sooty
cat (esp. the domestic cat, Felis catus); feline; shamisen; geisha; wheelbarrow; clay bed-warmer; bottom (submissive partner of a homosexual relationship)
name; given name; title; fame; renown; pretext
to complain; to make a complaint
after all; in the end; conclusion; end; end of a game of go, shogi, etc.
to take out; to get out; to put out; to reveal; to submit (e.g. thesis); to turn in; to publish
preparation; arrangements; provision; getting ready; laying out (e.g. a meal)
chair; seat; stool; post; position; seat
cushion; cushion (to soften the blow); mitigation
a few hours; several hours; a couple of hours