having a headache; racking one's brains; troubling over something
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; indicates a confident conclusion; indicates emotional emphasis; indicates question
country; state; region; national government; central government; home (i.e. hometown, home country); province (of Japan)
at; in; to; toward; to; for; because of
to come (spatially or temporally); to approach; to come back; to do ... and come back; to come to be; to become
from; since; through (e.g. a window, door); via; because; as; from (as in "made from")
party; banquet; reception; feast; dinner
indicates the subject of a sentence; indicates possession; but; however; and; used after an introductory remark or explanation; regardless of ...
many; numerous; large amount of; large quantity of; frequent; common
as expected; sure enough; after all (is said and done); in the end; too; also
cheerful; jovial; weather; season; spirit of yang
don't you think?; indicates question
Mr; Mrs; Miss; politeness marker
to do; to undertake; to send; to dispatch; to put; to move; to give (esp. to someone of equal or lower status)
bride; (one's) daughter-in-law; wife
two persons; two people; pair; couple
you said; he said; even if; do you seriously think that; I already told you; you should know by now that; the said ...
what kind of; what sort of; what; no matter what (kind of); whatever; any
woman; female; female lover; girlfriend; mistress
that's the way it is; yes; is that so?; is it?
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
this time; now; next time; another time; recently; lately
to meet; to encounter; to see; to have an accident; to have a bad experience
if; when; and; as well as; with; together with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.)
to say; to utter; to name; to call; to go (e.g. "the alarm went ping"); to make a noise
to twine; to get tangled; to be involved (e.g. of money in a matter); to get involved (in); to pick a quarrel (with); to find fault (with)
flinchingly; falteringly; being overwhelmed; staggeringly; totteringly; unsteadily
to become; to get; to result in; to turn out; to consist of; to be composed of; to be completed
to be (of animate objects); to exist; to stay; to be ...-ing; to have ...-ed; to be ...-ed
interesting; fascinating; amusing; funny; enjoyable; fun
in front (of); before (e.g. a building); before; earlier; (the) front; frontal part; forward
the world; society; sphere; circle; world-renowned; world-famous
at; in; at; when; by; with; so
(not) at all; (not) in the slightest; wholly; entirely; extremely; very
to talk; to speak; to tell; to explain; to speak (a language)
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
nonexistent; not being (there); unowned; not had; unique; not; impossible
normal; ordinary; normally; ordinarily; local train; train that stops at every station
unexpected; surprising; unanticipated; strange; unforeseen
easy; likely to ...; have a tendency to ...; easy to ...
now that you mention it; come to think of it; that reminds me; on that subject; speaking of which
another place; some other place; another (person or thing); other; beyond (one's expectations, imagination, etc.); outside