cause; seed; variety; kind; counter for varieties
getting closer; drawing nearer; being not much different; being near (age, skill, etc.); becoming close (i.e. friendly); becoming intimate
encounter; running into; meeting with (e.g. an accident); being confronted with (e.g. a difficulty)
absurd; unreasonable; extreme; senseless; disorderly; chaotic
pleasant (of a sensation); comfortable; cheerful; happy; smooth (of function); working well
adds force to a statement, decision or conclusion; indicates command; (strongly) emphasizes the previous word; adds focus; some- (e.g. something, someone)
if; when; and; as well as; with; together with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.)
indicates the subject of a sentence; indicates possession; but; however; and; used after an introductory remark or explanation; regardless of ...
to say; to utter; to name; to call; to go (e.g. "the alarm went ping"); to make a noise
so; therefore; accordingly; like I said; I told you already
myself; yourself; I; me; you
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
to do; to undertake; to send; to dispatch; to put; to move; to give (esp. to someone of equal or lower status)
to decide; to choose; to clinch (a victory); to decide (the outcome of a match); to persist in doing; to go through with; to always do
secluding oneself in the mountains; undertaking ascetic practices at a mountain temple; retreat; off-site meeting
from; since; through (e.g. a window, door); via; because; as; from (as in "made from")
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; indicates a confident conclusion; indicates emotional emphasis; indicates question
the way back; the way home; return trip
(swimming) pool; pool (cue sport); pooling (money, resources, etc.); pool (price ring)
at; in; to; toward; to; for; because of
to creep in; to steal in; to sneak in
to swim; to struggle through (a crowd); to make one's way through the world; to get along (in life); to totter; to lose one's balance
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
to think; to consider; to think (of doing); to plan (to do); to judge; to assess; to imagine
junior high school; middle school; lower secondary school
year; counter for years (e.g. of an era), grades (e.g. school); period of an apprentice's contract (usu. ten years)
summer vacation; summer holiday
end; conclusion; last; final; once ...; the moment ... (, that's it)
day; days; sun; sunshine; (the) day; daytime; date
moreover; furthermore; nevertheless; and yet
rump of a cow; low-ranking member of a large group
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
half; 50%; 5 parts; 5%; equality; equal footing
extent; degree; limit; bounds; (span of) time; (a) distance; the state of
to pass through; to pass by; to pass (of time); to elapse; to have expired; to have ended; to exceed
near; neighbourhood; nearly (e.g. "it took nearly one year"); close to; shortly; soon
to stop; to turn off; to park; to prevent; to suppress (a cough); to stop (someone from doing something); to dissuade
kapow; bang; bulging; filled to bursting; prostitute (catering to Occupation soldiers in Japan after WWII)
to swell (out); to expand; to be inflated; to get cross; to get sulky; to pout
to hang up (e.g. a coat, a picture on the wall); to let hang; to put on (e.g. a blanket); to put on top of; to put on (glasses, etc.); to wear (a necklace, etc.); to make (a call)