rather; sooner; preferably
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
sky; the air; weather; far-off place; distant place; state of mind; feeling
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
all; entire; whole; altogether
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
to cover; to hide; to conceal; to wrap; to disguise
to finish; to stop; to close (a business, etc.); to close down; to put away; to put back
good; excellent; sufficient; enough; profitable (deal, business offer, etc.); beneficial
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...
paving (a road); surfacing (with asphalt, concrete, etc.); pavement
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
to inhale; to breathe in; to suck up; to absorb; to soak up
to cut; to cut through; to sever (connections, ties); to turn off (e.g. the light); to terminate (e.g. a conversation); to hang up (the phone); to punch (a ticket)
to avoid (physical contact with); to avoid (situation); to ward off; to avert; to put aside; to move out of the way
while; during; while; although; all; both
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
sensation; feeling; tendency; propensity
don't; do; hey; listen; now, ...; well, ...
thought; consideration; thinking
to go around; to return; to surround; to concern (usu. of disputes)
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
rain; rainy day; rainy weather; the November suit (in hanafuda)
disliked; hated; tendency; smack (of); distinction; discrimination
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
correspondence; communication; transmission; news; signal; telecommunications
connection; attachment; changing trains; conjunction
level; standard; level (plane); floor; spirit level; (surveyor's) level
(a) little; (a) few; slight; only; just; merely
though; although; be that as it may; nonetheless
to come down; to go down; to hang; to dangle; to move back; to step back; to deteriorate
and; besides; because; since; the thing is; for one thing
operation; management; handling; manipulating (to one's benefit); manipulation; influencing
hand; arm; forepaw; foreleg; handle; hand; worker
one side; one party; counterpart; one of a pair; fellow; mate
umbrella; parasol; something shaped like an umbrella or a conical hat; shade (of a lamp); mushroom cap
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to stop up; to close up; to stand in the way; to obstruct; to occupy; to fill up
that; it; then; that point (in time); (arch.) there; (arch.) you
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as