original text; source book; draft
one; 1; best; first; foremost; beginning; start
going; travelling; act; action; bank; counter for banks; counter for groups or parties of people
party; group; troop; one act; one action; one deed
letter (of alphabet); character; writing
multicolumn layout; column setting
step; stair; grade; rank; counter for breaks in written language (or speech, etc.); dan
double; two-fold; diplo-; dipl-; double-edged eyelid; double eyelid
angle bracket (e.g. <>); chevron
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
replacement; substitute; displacement; transposition; reset
annotation; explanatory note; comment
abbreviation; omission; outline; gist; plan; strategy
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
everyday; daily; ordinary; usual; routine; regular
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
brains (of an operation); advisor; brain trust; brain (organ)
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
skillful; adroit; craft; craftsmanship; plot; scheme
to handle (men); to master (a tool); to manage; to acquire a command of (a language)
junior high school; middle school; lower secondary school
qualitative difference; disparity; gap
reigning; controlling; dictating
riddle; puzzle; enigma; enigmatic; mysterious
new student; freshman; first-year student
talent; gift; function; noh (theatre)
death by hanging (punishment in the ritsuryō system)
don't; do; hey; listen; now, ...; well, ...
scheme; tactic; stratagem; trick
by means of; due to; because of; according to
wing; Chinese "Wings" constellation (one of the 28 mansions); (arch.) counter for birds or bird wings
to snatch away; to dispossess; to steal
defeat; loss; reverse; setback
to eat; to drink; to smoke; to suffer (e.g. defeat); to receive a blow
again; once more; a second time
to stand up; to get up; to rise; to recover; to take action; to start; to make the initial charge