once; before; formerly; never yet; never before; first time
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; indicates a confident conclusion; indicates emotional emphasis; indicates question
myself; yourself; I; me; you
if; when; and; as well as; with; together with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.)
to resemble; to look like; to be like; to be alike; to be similar; to take after
relief; aid; help; (religious) salvation; (Christian) grace
committee; commission; board; panel; committee meeting
management; (executive) staff; leaders; leadership; top brass; upper echelons
at; in; to; toward; to; for; because of
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
series; chain; two reams (i.e. 1000 sheets of paper); verse; stanza
event; affair; incident; case; plot; trouble
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
coordinate; co-ordinate; matching (e.g. clothes, accessories, furniture, colours); coordinated outfit (clothes and accessories); ensemble; coordinates (items of clothing, furniture, etc. designed to be used together)
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
in that way; thus; so; the same; so?
to evaluate; to appraise; to comment on
that; it; then; that point (in time); (arch.) there; (arch.) you
detective; investigator; sleuth; detective work; secret investigation
as (i.e. in the role of); for (i.e. from the viewpoint of); apart from ... (used to change the topic); even (e.g. "not even a single person"); thinking that ...; trying to ...
about; on; regarding; per; for every
to say; to utter; to declare; to name; to call
thing; object; one's things; possessions; things; something; quality
posture; pose; position; attitude; approach; stance
seems; I think; I guess; right?; don't you agree?; I thought you'd say that!
in the first place; to begin with; after all; anyway; beginning; start
at; in; at; when; by; with; so
(real) ability; true strength; merit; arms; force
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
achievements; actual results; accomplishments; past results; track record
heaven and earth; top and bottom
extent; degree; limit; bounds; (span of) time; (a) distance; the state of
difference; variation; difference
indicates the subject of a sentence; indicates possession; but; however; and; used after an introductory remark or explanation; regardless of ...
to be; to exist; to have; to be located; to be equipped with; to happen; to come about
to compare; to make a comparison (between); to compete (on); to measure (one's strength, ability, etc. against another's)
you; buddy; monarch; ruler; he; she