exception; supernumerary; extra (e.g. performance, item, object, etc.); additional; outsize
compilation (of a text); editing; volume (of a text); completed literary work
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; indicates a confident conclusion; indicates emotional emphasis; indicates question
recollection; retrospection; reflection; reminiscence
house; residence; family; household; lineage; family name
indicates the subject of a sentence; indicates possession; but; however; and; used after an introductory remark or explanation; regardless of ...
if; when; and; as well as; with; together with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.)
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to spend (time); to pass; to overdo (esp. alcohol consumption); to drink (alcohol); to take care of; to support
from; since; through (e.g. a window, door); via; because; as; from (as in "made from")
winter vacation (holidays)
at; in; at; when; by; with; so
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
at; in; to; toward; to; for; because of
myself; yourself; I; me; you
study; library; den; home office; reading room
to shut oneself in (e.g. one's room); to be confined in; to fill with (emotion, enthusiasm, power, etc.); to imbue with; to fill a space (of a gas, smell, etc.); to be heavy with (e.g. smoke); to be muffled (e.g. of a voice)
in front (of); before (e.g. a building); before; earlier; (the) front; frontal part; forward
one person; being alone; being by oneself; being single; being unmarried; by oneself
to hang up (e.g. a coat, a picture on the wall); to let hang; to put on (e.g. a blanket); to put on top of; to put on (glasses, etc.); to wear (a necklace, etc.); to make (a call)
chair; seat; stool; post; position; seat
comfortable; easy; calm; loose; spacious
to sit (down); to have a seat; to be seated; to assume (a position); to take on (a duty); to occupy (a post)
while; during; while; although; all; both
to turn over; to turn (pages); to leaf through (a book, etc.); to tear off; to strip off; to take off
to examine; to look up; to investigate; to check up; to sense; to study
arrival of ships (from abroad); arrival by ship
person; -er; (arch.) expert; (arch.) geisha; (arch.) prostitute
family; relatives; dependents; household
about; on; regarding; per; for every
kind; sort; type; equal; match; peer
counter for books; volume
eye; eyeball; eyesight; sight; look; stare; notice
to finish reading; to read through
suddenly; casually; accidentally; incidentally; unexpectedly; unintentionally
to raise one's face; to lift one's head; to raise one's eyes