state capital; provincial capital; county town
in front (of); before (e.g. a building); before; earlier; (the) front; frontal part; forward
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
royal capital; imperial capital
if; when; and; as well as; with; together with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.)
to call out (to); to call; to summon (a doctor, etc.); to invite; to designate; to name; to garner (support, etc.)
this; last (couple of years, etc.); these; you (as in "you liar")
town; city; municipal; urban
thousand years; millennium; (fig.) long time
not less than ...; ... and over; beyond (e.g. one's expectations); above; the above; the above-mentioned
from; since; through (e.g. a window, door); via; because; as; from (as in "made from")
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; indicates a confident conclusion; indicates emotional emphasis; indicates question
to play a leading role; to play a central part
to prosper; to flourish; to thrive
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to cross over; to cross; to pass through; to exceed; to surpass; to be more (than)
but; however; even; however; no matter how; ... or something; either ... or ...
prominent; eminent; leading; foremost; distinguished
that; the; part (as in "part two"); um ...; er ...
centre; center; middle; capital; seat of government
at; in; to; toward; to; for; because of
to rise (of a building, mountain, etc.); to tower; to soar
castle (in place names); castle; fortress
whole nation; whole land; whole country
at; in; at; when; by; with; so
number one; first; best; most; game; round
extent; degree; limit; bounds; (span of) time; (a) distance; the state of
overall; general; as a whole
colour; color; complexion; skin colour; look (on one's face); expression; appearance
indicates the subject of a sentence; indicates possession; but; however; and; used after an introductory remark or explanation; regardless of ...
black; dark; blackish; suspicious; criminal; darkened and dirty; sooty
this; this one; this person; now; this point (in time); here; used to stress the subject of a sentence
solid; firm; stout; burly; strong; sturdy
and; moreover; besides; as well as; and on top of that; at the same time
long-lasting; long-wearing; wears well; nagamochi; large oblong chest (for clothing, personal effects, etc.)
stone; rock; jewel; precious stone; flint (in a lighter); (round) game piece
black; black stone; guilt; guilty person