that; it; then; that point (in time); (arch.) there; (arch.) you
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
year; counter for years (e.g. of an era), grades (e.g. school); period of an apprentice's contract (usu. ten years)
at; in; to; toward; to; for; because of
to go upstream; to go up (a river); to go back (to the past or origin); to date back (to); to trace back (to)
from out of nowhere; from who knows where
appearance; emergence; advent; arrival; showing up; coming to existence
sky; the air; weather; far-off place; distant place; state of mind; feeling
if; when; and; as well as; with; together with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.)
earth; ground; the solid earth; the (vast) land
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to cover fully; to wrap around
fantastic; grotesque; strange-looking; suspicious-looking
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; indicates a confident conclusion; indicates emotional emphasis; indicates question
existence; being; presence
by means of; due to; because of; according to
simultaneously; all at once; in unison
attack; assault; criticism; censure; cyber attack (e.g. DDoS)
to receive; to get; to catch (e.g. a ball); to be struck by (wind, waves, sunlight, etc.); to sustain (damage); to incur (a loss); to undergo (e.g. surgery)
what kind of; what sort of; what; no matter what (kind of); whatever; any
ecology; life and habits (of an animal); mode of life; way of living
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
purpose; goal; aim; objective; intention; motive
indicates the subject of a sentence; indicates possession; but; however; and; used after an introductory remark or explanation; regardless of ...
to be; to exist; to have; to be located; to be equipped with; to happen; to come about
to come (spatially or temporally); to approach; to come back; to do ... and come back; to come to be; to become
indicates a question; indicates an embedded question; indicates an indirect question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm
as if; as though; (not) at all; (not) in the slightest; really; completely
to understand; to comprehend; to become clear; to be known; I know!; I think so too!
ordinary; common; free of charge; free; unaffected; as is
human being; human; person; character (of a person)
to see; to look; to examine; to look over; to look after; to attend to; to experience
indiscrimination; without discrimination; indiscriminate
this; last (couple of years, etc.); these; you (as in "you liar")
to call out (to); to call; to summon (a doctor, etc.); to invite; to designate; to name; to garner (support, etc.)
to blow (on); to breathe (on); to pick (a fight); to provoke; to exaggerate; to ask (an unreasonable price)
to continue; to last; to continue (without a break); to be unbroken; to occur again and again; to lead to; to connect to
eye; eyeball; eyesight; sight; look; stare; notice
time; hour; occasion; case; chance; opportunity
to believe; to believe in; to place trust in; to confide in; to have faith in