chapter; section; medal; badge; insignia
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; indicates a confident conclusion; indicates emotional emphasis; indicates question
request; commission; entrusting (with a matter); dependence; reliance
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
completion; conclusion; perfect (tense)
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
at; in; at; when; by; with; so
to some extent; to a certain extent
surplus; margin; leeway; composure; placidity; complacency
indicates the subject of a sentence; indicates possession; but; however; and; used after an introductory remark or explanation; regardless of ...
to be able to do; to be possible; to be good at; to do well; to come into existence; to form; to be made
because; as; since; because of that; therefore; accordingly
to put in order; to arrange; to get ready; to prepare; to adjust; to regulate (e.g. rhythm, tune, one's breathing)
to decide to; to pretend that; to make a practice of doing; to make it a rule to
town; block; downtown; main street; street; road
number one; first; best; most; game; round
if; when; and; as well as; with; together with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.)
reputation; (public) estimation; rumour; rumor; fame; notoriety
arms; weapons (of war); armor; armour
shop; store; someone who sells (something) or works as (something); someone with a (certain) personality trait; house; roof
at; in; to; toward; to; for; because of
to go (to); to make one's way (to); to visit
to come; to go; to be (somewhere); to be (doing)
unsociable; unfriendly; blunt; surly; curt; cold
voice; singing (of a bird); chirping (of an insect); voice; opinion (as expressed in words); sound; sense (of something's arrival)
to go out to meet; to receive; to call for; to summon; to accept (e.g. as a member of a group or family); to take (e.g. a wife)
store; shop; establishment; restaurant
head (of a household); proprietor (of a store); one's husband; (one's) employer; (one's) master; host
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
stubborn; obstinate; pigheaded
feeling; sense; impression
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
past middle age; nearing old age; near-elderly; age 40
man; male; fellow; guy; male lover; boyfriend
back; reverse; rear side; height; stature; ridge (of a mountain)
like; similar to; as with; in the same way
low (rank, degree, value, content, quality, etc.); low (position); close to the ground; short (height); deep (voice); in a low key
short and stout; small but wide around
to try to ...; to be about to do ...; to decide to ...; to take as; to treat as; to use for; to suppose that (such) is the case
figure; body shape; build; somatotype; biotype; habitus
earth; ground; place; territory; bottom (of a package, book, etc.); earth (one of the five elements)
-ian (e.g. Italian); -ite (e.g. Tokyoite); -er (e.g. performer, etc.); person working with ...; man; person
tribe; race; group (of people who share a common feature); gang; tribe (taxonomic rank); group (in the periodic table)
human being; human; person; character (of a person)