black; black stone; guilt; guilty person
lightning; thunder; god of thunder; god of lightning; anger; fit of anger
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; indicates a confident conclusion; indicates emotional emphasis; indicates question
girl (usu. between 7 and 17); young lady; (arch.) female between 17 and 20 years old (ritsuryō period)
story; tale; narrative; account; fable; legend
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
beginning; outset; first; onset
at; in; to; toward; to; for; because of
to finish writing; to complete; to write down (e.g. a list); to write out
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
unforgettable; impossible to forget; lucidly remember
year; counter for years (e.g. of an era), grades (e.g. school); period of an apprentice's contract (usu. ten years)
in front (of); before (e.g. a building); before; earlier; (the) front; frontal part; forward
May; fifth month of the lunar calendar
5th day of the month; five days
our country; our land; one's own country
in; at; on; as for; regarding; with regards to
because ...; for ...; the reason being ...; as for ...; when it comes to ...; regarding ...
goes without saying; needless to say; obvious
Children's Day (national holiday; May 5)
indicates the subject of a sentence; indicates possession; but; however; and; used after an introductory remark or explanation; regardless of ...
setting off (on a long journey); setting out; departure (e.g. for the front); starting a new life; starting life anew
to go out to meet; to receive; to call for; to summon; to accept (e.g. as a member of a group or family); to take (e.g. a wife)
although; despite; whereas; while; if only; I wish
any more; anymore; any further; any better; any longer
day; days; sun; sunshine; (the) day; daytime; date
nonexistent; not being (there); unowned; not had; unique; not; impossible
don't; do; hey; listen; now, ...; well, ...; wow
at that time; in those days
keenly; deeply; calmly; quietly; fixedly (gazing, staring); intently
if; when; and; as well as; with; together with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.)
to think; to consider; to think (of doing); to plan (to do); to judge; to assess; to imagine
thing; object; one's things; possessions; things; something; quality
there (place relatively near listener); there (place just mentioned); that place; then (of some incident just spoken of); that (of point just raised); (arch.) you
from; since; through (e.g. a window, door); via; because; as; from (as in "made from")
double; twice (as much); times (as much); -fold; 1-nth; 1 to n
not less than ...; ... and over; beyond (e.g. one's expectations); above; the above; the above-mentioned
improvement (to a piece of writing or painting); revision; correction; touching up
arrangement (of music); adaptation (of a story, recipe, etc.); interpretation; arranging (objects, a meeting, etc.); organization
to give (time, money, goods); to donate; to do; to perform; to apply (processing, makeup, etc.); to add (e.g. ornamentation, annotation)
to be completed; to be finished; to be ready (e.g. to serve or eat); to be very drunk; to get plastered