that; the; part (as in "part two"); um ...; er ...
pluralizing suffix (esp. for people and animals; formerly honorific)
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
in the city; within the city
at; in; to; toward; to; for; because of
to be; to exist; to have; to be located; to be equipped with; to happen; to come about
at; in; at; when; by; with; so
purpose; goal; aim; objective; intention; motive
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; indicates a confident conclusion; indicates emotional emphasis; indicates question
nonexistent; not being (there); unowned; not had; unique; not; impossible
time; hour; period; class
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to spend (time); to pass; to overdo (esp. alcohol consumption); to drink (alcohol); to take care of; to support
motorcycle; motorbike; bike; bicycle
to run; to run (of a vehicle); to drive; to rush (to); to dash; to retreat; to flee
spirit; mind; nature; disposition; intention; mind; mood
also; too; not ... either; (it's not possible) no matter what; although one might wish otherwise
to become; to get; to result in; to turn out; to consist of; to be composed of; to be completed
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
duck; easy mark; sucker; sitting duck
indicates the subject of a sentence; indicates possession; but; however; and; used after an introductory remark or explanation; regardless of ...
to be (of animate objects); to exist; to stay; to be ...-ing; to have ...-ed; to be ...-ed
(East Asian) rainy season (in Japan, usu. from early June to mid-July); rain during the rainy season
to enter; to come in; to join (a club, company, etc.); to enter (a university, the army, etc.); to be contained (in); to be included (in); to (be able to) fit (in a container, building, etc.)
in front (of); before (e.g. a building); before; earlier; (the) front; frontal part; forward
until (a time); till; to (a place or person); as far as; to (an extent); up to
cram school; private tutoring school; juku
elementary and middle school pupils
mainly; primarily; mostly; largely; chiefly
to aim at (with a weapon, etc.); to be after (something or someone); to have an eye on; to aim for; to set up as a goal
but; however; (and) yet; nevertheless; still; for all that
weather; fair weather; fine weather
that; it; then; that point (in time); (arch.) there; (arch.) you
certainly; of course; even if; no matter (who, what, when, where, why, how); without even; without so much as; at the (least, earliest, etc.)
prey; catch; kill; spoils; trophy; loot
side (of something, or taking someone's side); part; (watch) case
to bud; to sprout; to arise; to begin to grow
endorsing and questioning the preceding statement; lamenting reflections on the preceding statement
these days; nowadays; now; at present; recently; lately