young man; young woman; young people; youth; youngsters
pluralizing suffix (esp. for people and animals; formerly honorific)
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
to be aware of; to know; to notice; to feel; to understand; to comprehend; to remember
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
good; excellent; sufficient; enough; profitable (deal, business offer, etc.); beneficial
year; counter for years (e.g. of an era), grades (e.g. school); period of an apprentice's contract (usu. ten years)
to wave; to shake; to sprinkle; to throw (dice); to cast (actor); to allocate (work); to turn down (somebody)
to memorize; to memorise; to commit to memory; to learn by heart; to bear in mind; to remember
to be (of animate objects); to exist; to stay; to be ...-ing; to have been ...-ing
this; last (couple of years, etc.); these; you (as in "you liar")
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
ship; boat; tank; tub; counter for boat-shaped containers (e.g. of sashimi)
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to quiet; to calm down; to compose oneself; to settle down
until (a time); till; to (a place or person); as far as; to (an extent); up to
we; us; (arch.) I; (arch.) me; (arch.) you (referring to a group of one's equals or inferiors)
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
joy; delight; rapture; pleasure; gratification; rejoicing
food; provisions; nourishment (mental, spiritual, etc.); sustenance (e.g. of one's life); source of encouragement
as (i.e. in the role of); for (i.e. from the viewpoint of); apart from... (used to change the topic); even (e.g. "not even a single person"); thinking that...; trying to...
inside; within; while (e.g. one is young); during; among; amongst; in (secret, chaos, poverty, etc.)
to live; to exist; to make a living; to subsist; to be in effect; to be in use
stars; the stars and planets; celestial bodies
to be scattered about; to disperse; to be littered (with)
the world; society; sphere; circle; world-renowned; world-famous
to connect; to link together; to tie; to fasten; to maintain; to preserve
now; the present time; just now; another; more
in front (of); before (e.g. a building); before; earlier; (the) front; frontal part; forward
new; novel; fresh; recent; latest; up-to-date
door; gate; opening; title page
to open; to undo; to bloom; to unfold; to open (for business, e.g. in the morning); to be wide (gap, etc.); to widen
monopoly; monopolization; exclusivity; hogging; keeping to oneself
ought to do; have to do; must do; feel obliged to
in that way; thus; so; so?
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
only; just; merely; as much as; to the extent of; enough to
everything; all; the whole; entirely; completely; wholly