indicates a question; indicates an embedded question; indicates an indirect question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; indicates a confident conclusion; indicates emotional emphasis; indicates question
to have a talk; to tell a story
if; when; and; as well as; with; together with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.)
to think; to consider; to think (of doing); to plan (to do); to judge; to assess; to imagine
I; me; you; (arch.) manservant
to know; to be aware (of); to sense; to feel; to understand; to comprehend; to remember
worst; horrible; horrid; in the worst case; if worst comes to worst
girl (usu. between 7 and 17); young lady; (arch.) female between 17 and 20 years old (ritsuryō period)
about; on; regarding; per; for every
haughty; arrogant; insolent; proud; overbearing
at; in; at; when; by; with; so
cruelty; coldheartedness; relentless; ruthless
selfish; egoist; (arch.) self-indulgent; (arch.) wilful; (arch.) willful
red; crimson; scarlet; Red; communist
paper umbrella; bamboo-and-oiled-paper umbrella
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to hold (in one's hand); to take; to possess; to have; to maintain; to keep; to last
Gothic Lolita (type of teenage fashion)
to put on; to wear; to be clothed in; to be clad in; to be dressed in; to be wrapped in
person; someone; human beings; mankind; human (Homo sapiens); (other) people; others
death; (an) out; death penalty (by strangulation or decapitation; most severe of the five ritsuryō punishments)
to laugh; to smile; to sneer; to ridicule; to be dumbfounded; to be flabbergasted
unhappiness; sorrow; misfortune; death (usu. of a relative); bereavement
to be delighted; to be glad; to congratulate; to welcome (a proposal, advice, etc.); to take kindly to; to do with pleasure
to desire; to want; to expect (of someone); to hope for; to see; to command (a view of)
and; and then; thus; and now; and finally
always; all the time; never; usual; regular
to eat; to live on (e.g. a salary); to live off; to subsist on
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
assertion; declaration; affirmation
least; lowest; worst; awful; horrible; at the very least
living thing; living creature; animal; life
tirthika; non-Buddhist teachings; heterodoxy; unorthodoxy; demon; devil
brute; beast; monster; inhuman person; ungrateful person
but; however; (and) yet; nevertheless; still; for all that
that; the; part (as in "part two"); um ...; er ...
the body; the flesh; the outer man; one's physique
ordinary; common; free of charge; free; unaffected; as is
no more than; just; only; mere; goes no further than
goblin; apparition; monster; ghost; phantom; spectre
like; similar to; as with; in the same way