citizen; resident; person; user (of a website, esp. as a collective, e.g. Twittersphere)
younger brother; little brother; brother-in-law (spouse's younger brother or younger sister's husband); (arch.) pupil; (arch.) apprentice
doctor of philosophy; PhD
sun; saint; San (people); son
fan; enthusiast; lover (of); fan (e.g. electric)
person in charge; senior staff; manager; chief; head
administrative official; secretary; commissioner
pay; salary; to pay (off); to be profitable; heroin
daughter; girl (i.e. a young, unmarried woman)
ah!; oh!; yes; indeed; aah; gah
ding; chime (sound of a bell or a small gong)
superintendent priest; chief abbot
assistant; associate; duplicate; copy; adverb
charge; duty; person in charge; connection; linking
preface; foreword; preamble
gold (Au); golden; prosperous; money (esp. ōban coin); cash
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
that; the; part (as in "part two"); um ...; er ...
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to start; to begin; to start up (a business, society, etc.); to open (e.g. a store); to start ...; to begin to ...
by the way; incidentally; sometimes; occasionally; precisely (at that time); exactly
to go upstream; to go back (in time, to origin); to date back to; to trace back to
at that time; at that moment; then; on that occasion
district; region; the country; countryside; civilian society
in; at; on; as for; regarding; with regards to
beginning; outset; first; onset
(social) position; status
that is to say; that is; in short; in brief; clogging; obstruction; shrinkage
to be; to exist; to have; to be located; to be equipped with; to happen
town; city; municipal; urban